ArticleNPJ Regenerative medicine2023
Alkaline shear-thinning micro-nanocomposite hydrogels initiate endogenous TGFβ signaling for in situ bone regeneration.
Article in NPJ Regenerative medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- The application of growth factors in bone tissue engineering delivery systems and collaborative innovation strategies.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Synchronizing degradation with regeneration: a model-driven framework for designing biodegradable biomaterials in bone tissue engineering.Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine · 2026Review
- Sildenafil promotes osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells and inhibits bone loss by affecting the TGF-β signaling pathway.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Hybrid Nanoparticle-Hydrogel Systems for Drug Delivery Depots and Other Biomedical Applications.ACS nano · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Recruiting endogenous stem cells to bone defects without stem cell transplantation and exogenous factor delivery represents a promising strategy for bone regeneration. Herein, we develop an alkaline shear-thinning micro-nanocomposite hydrogel (10-MmN), aiming to alkaline-activate endogenous TGFβ1 and achieve in situ bone regeneration. It contains polyethyleneimine (PEI)-modified gelatin, laponite nanoplatelets (LAP), a bicarbonate buffer with a pH of 10, and gelatin microspheres (MSs). PEI-modified gelatin plays a pivotal role in hydrogel fabrication. It endows the system with sufficient positive charges, and forms a shear-thinning nanocomposite matrix in the pH 10 buffer (10-mN) with negatively charged LAP via electrostatic gelation. For biological functions, the pH 10 buffer dominates alkaline activation of endogenous serum TGFβ1 to recruit rat bone marrow stem cells through the Smad pathway, followed by improved osteogenic differentiation. In addition, MSs are incorporated into 10-mN to form 10-MmN, and function as substrates to provide good attachment sites for the recruited stem cells and facilitate further their osteogenic differentiation. In a rat critical-sized calvarial defect model, 10-MmN exhibits excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, hydrogel infusion and retention in bone defects with flexible shapes and active bleeding. Importantly, it repairs ~95% of the defect areas in 3 months by recruiting TGFβR2
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.