ArticleJMIR formative research2023
Enhancing Mental Health and Medication Adherence Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Recently Diagnosed With HIV With a Dialectical Behavior Therapy-Informed Intervention Incorporating mHealth, Online Skills Training, and Phone Coaching: Development Study Using Human-Centered Design Approach.
Article in JMIR formative research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Digitally Adapting LGBTQ-Affirmative Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chinese Men Who Have Sex With Men Living With HIV: User-Centered Design Approach.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Feasibility study of fully automatic measurement of adenoid size on lateral neck and head radiographs using deep learning.Pediatric radiology · 2025Article
- Providing LGBTQ+ Adolescents With Nurturance, Trustworthiness, and Safety: A Community-Informed, Theory-Grounded, Evidence-Based Intervention for High School Staff.Psychology of sexual orientation and gender diversity · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
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Abstract
backgroundMental health problems are common among men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV and may negatively affect medication adherence. Psychosocial interventions designed to address these urgent needs are scarce in China. Incorporating behavioral health theories into intervention development strengthens the effectiveness of these interventions. The absence of a robust theoretical basis for interventions may also present challenges to identify active intervention ingredients.
objectiveThis study aims to systematically describe the development of a mobile health-based intervention for MSM recently diagnosed with HIV in China, including the theoretical basis for the content and the considerations for its technological delivery.
methodsWe used intervention mapping (IM) to guide overall intervention development, a behavioral intervention technology model for technological delivery design, and a human-centered design and cultural adaptation model for intervention tailoring throughout all steps of IM.
resultsThe dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)-informed intervention, Turning to Sunshine, comprised 3 components: app-based individual skills learning, group-based skills training, and on-demand phone coaching. The theoretical basis for the intervention content is based on the DBT model of emotions, which fits our conceptualization of the intervention user's mental health needs. The intervention aims to help MSM recently diagnosed with HIV (1) survive moments of high emotional intensity and strong action urges, (2) change emotional expression to regulate emotions, and (3) reduce emotional vulnerability, as well as (4) augment community resources for mental health services. Technological delivery considerations included rationale of the medium, complexity, and esthetics of information delivery; data logs; data visualization; notifications; and passive data collection.
conclusionsThis study laid out the steps for the development of a DBT-informed mobile health intervention that integrated app-based individual learning, group-based skills training, and phone coaching. This intervention, Turning to Sunshine, aims to improve mental health outcomes for MSM newly diagnosed with HIV in China. The IM framework informed by human-centered design principles and cultural adaptation considerations offered a systematic approach to develop the current intervention and tailor it to the target intervention users. The behavioral intervention technology model facilitated the translation of behavioral intervention strategies into technological delivery components. The systematic development and reporting of the current intervention can serve as a guide for similar intervention studies. The content of the current intervention could be adapted for a broader population with similar emotional struggles to improve their mental health outcomes.
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