ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2023
The CD4+ T cell repertoire specific for citrullinated peptides shows evidence of immune tolerance.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Discovery of Post-Translationally Modified Epitopes in Autoimmunity: Someone Has to Fish so Everyone Can Eat.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Autoantibodies and T Cells Target Citrullinated and Homocitrullinated Antigens in Rheumatoid Arthritis.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- A Comprehensive HLA-DR4 MHC Class II Tetramer Platform for the Detection and Functional Validation of Post-Translational Modification Neoantigens.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- T cell proliferative response to a homocitrullinated peptide correlates with joint pathology in collagen induced arthritis.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2026Article
- Novel Biomarker for Rheumatoid Arthritis: Serum Peptidylarginine Deiminase 4-Potentiating Activity in an Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibody-Positive At-Risk Population.Scandinavian journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Biomimetic carbon nanopolymers ANM-NPs act on mannose receptors and complement receptors to promote tumor antigen presentation.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Association ofRheumatology and immunology research · 2025Article
- Cell-intrinsic CD4 T cell tolerance: a new frontier in therapy?Trends in immunology · 2025Review
- Cell-intrinsic CD4 T cell tolerance: a new frontier in therapy?Trends in immunology · 2025Review
- Current state and future directions of basic research in rheumatoid arthritis.Journal of rheumatic diseases · 2025Review
- Citrullinated peptides as drug candidates for rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Periodontopathic bacteria in rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis: bridging clinical associations to molecular mechanisms.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Article
- T Cell Resistance: On the Mechanisms of T Cell Non-activation.Immune network · 2024Review
- A review of CD4Veterinary immunology and immunopathology · 2024Review
- Immune tolerance of citrullinated peptides.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis occurs most often in people who express HLA-DR molecules containing a five aa "shared epitope" in the β chain. These MHCII molecules preferentially bind citrullinated peptides formed by posttranslational modification of arginine. Citrullinated peptide:HLA-DR complexes may act as arthritis-initiating neo-antigens for CD4+ T cells. Here, we used fluorophore-conjugated HLA-DR tetramers containing citrullinated peptides from human cartilage intermediate layer protein, fibrinogen, vimentin, or enolase 1 to track cognate CD4+ T cells. Immunization of HLA-DR transgenic mice with citrullinated peptides from vimentin or enolase 1 failed to cause any expansion of tetramer-binding cells, whereas immunization with citrullinated peptides from cartilage intermediate layer protein or fibrinogen elicited some expansion. The expanded tetramer-binding populations, however, had lower T helper 1 and higher regulatory T cell frequencies than populations elicited by viral peptides. These results indicate that HLA-DR-bound citrullinated peptides are not neo-antigens and induce varying degrees of immune tolerance that could pose a barrier to rheumatoid arthritis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.