ArticleJournal of translational medicine2023
Increased co-expression of PD1 and TIM3 is associated with poor prognosis and immune microenvironment heterogeneity in gallbladder cancer.
Article in Journal of translational medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Spatial profiling defines three immunophenotypes and a perineural invasion-associated immune-evasion niche in gallbladder cancer.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2026Article
- AI-guided discovery of the IRF4-PAICS-LDHA axis as a multitarget hub linking tumor metabolism to CD8+ T cell exhaustion in DLBCL.NPJ precision oncology · 2026Article
- Phase Ib multicenter study of anti-TIM-3 (S095018/Sym023) in combination with anti-PD-1 (Sym021) in patients with advanced/metastatic recurrent biliary tract cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Macrophage-rich niches regulate T cell dynamics at the liver invasive margin during gallbladder cancer progression.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Predicting treatment response to systemic therapy in advanced gallbladder cancer using multiphase enhanced CT images.European radiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Short-Chain Fatty Acids Modulate Anti-ROR1 CAR T-Cell Function and Exhaustion in an Intestinal Adenocarcinoma-on-Chip Model.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Article
- Novel B7-H3 CAR T cells show potent antitumor effects in glioblastoma: a preclinical study.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Strategies to Overcome PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade Resistance: Focusing on Combination with Immune Checkpoint Blockades.Journal of Cancer · 2025Review
- [TIM3+CD8+ T Cell Expression and Clinical Significance in the Central and Non-central Tumor Microenvironment of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer].Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer · 2024Article
- Pan-cancer analysis of STAT3 indicates its potential prognostic value and correlation with immune cell infiltration in prostate cancer.Discover oncology · 2024Article
- PTBP3 Mediates IL-18 Exon Skipping to Promote Immune Escape in Gallbladder Cancer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Integrated analysis reveals an aspartate metabolism-related gene signature for predicting the overall survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2024Article
- Correction to: Increased co-expression of PD1 and TIM3 is associated with poor prognosis and immune microenvironment heterogeneity in gallbladder cancer.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- New trends in diagnosis and management of gallbladder carcinoma.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2024Review
- Prognostic value of T regulatory cells and immune checkpoints expression in tumor-draining lymph nodes for oral squamous cell carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors in treating gallbladder cancer (GBC) remains unsatisfactory. Recently, several new immune checkpoints have been identified. However, investigations exploring these immune checkpoints in GBC are limited. In this study, we aim to investigate the expression patterns and clinical implications of various immune checkpoints, and further characterize the spatial and quantitative heterogeneity of immune components in GBC.
methodsWe employed single and multiplex immunohistochemistry to evaluate the expression of five immune checkpoint markers and four immune cell markers in the primary tumor core, hepatic invasion margin, and liver metastasis. Subsequently, we analyzed their interrelationships and their prognostic significance.
resultsWe observed a robust positive correlation between PD1/TIM3 expression in GBC (R = 0.614, P < 0.001). The co-expression of PD1/TIM3 exhibited a synergistic effect in predicting poor prognosis among postoperative GBC patients. Further analysis revealed that the prognostic significance of PD1/TIM3 was prominent in the subgroup with high infiltration of CD8 + T cells (P < 0.001). Multiplex immunohistochemistry reveals that PD1 + TIM3 + FOXP3 + cells constitute a significant proportion of FOXP3 + TILs in GBC tissue. Moreover, the co-high expression of PD1 and TIM3 is positively correlated with the accumulation of CD8 + TILs at the hepatic invasion margin. Lastly, our findings indicated reduced expression levels of immune checkpoints and diminished immune cell infiltration in liver metastases compared to primary tumors.
conclusionsIncreased co-expression of PD1/TIM3 is associated with poor prognosis in GBC patients and is related to the heterogeneity of immune microenvironment between GBC primary tumor and its hepatic invasion margin or liver metastases, which may be a potential target for future immunotherapy of GBC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.