ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2023
Whole-brain, gray, and white matter time-locked functional signal changes with simple tasks and model-free analysis.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Psychopathy and medial frontal cortex: A systematic review reveals predominantly null relationships.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Hemispheric asymmetries and network dysfunctions in adolescent depression: A neuroimaging study using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Trial
- Hypoxia-targeted BOLD MRI signal heterogeneity as a complementary metric for glioblastoma characterization: a pilot study.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Article
- Electrophysiological features of signals recorded from white matter.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Developmental changes of the white matter functional connectome.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Action potential propagation in the rodent myelinated optic nerve does not trigger neurovascular coupling.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The nature and interpretation of BOLD signals in white matter - A review.Magnetic resonance imaging · 2026Review
- Mouse white matter matters: cortical origins and spatial organization of mouse white matter tracts.Brain structure & function · 2026Article
- An applied study of blood oxygenation level-dependent and arterial spin labeling in early transplant renal function based on renal magnetic resonance angiography examination.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- Beyond scaling: how brains reorganize to support higher intelligence.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2026Article
- Learning image derived PDE-phenotypes from fMRI data.Brain informatics · 2025Article
- Early brain changes in Lyme disease are associated with clinical outcomes.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- GWM-HFN, a Gray-White Matter heterogeneous fusion network for functional connectomes.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Investigation of the large-scale white-matter functional networks in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2025Article
- Cortical modulation of resting state BOLD signals in white matter.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Mapping grey and white matter activity in the human brain with isotropic ADC-fMRI.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Myelination selectively modulates BOLD signal in white matter.Research square · 2025Article
- Neural processing of laughter in depression.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Mapping Activity and Functional Organisation of the Motor and Visual Pathways Using ADC-fMRI in the Human Brain.Human brain mapping · 2025Article
- White and gray brain matter activity during pain in fibromyaliga patients and healthy controls.Brain communications · 2025Article
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Abstract
Recent studies have revealed the production of time-locked blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) functional MRI (fMRI) signals throughout the entire brain in response to tasks, challenging the existence of sparse and localized brain functions and highlighting the pervasiveness of potential false negative fMRI findings. "Whole-brain" actually refers to gray matter, the only tissue traditionally studied with fMRI. However, several reports have demonstrated reliable detection of BOLD signals in white matter, which have previously been largely ignored. Using simple tasks and analyses, we demonstrate BOLD signal changes across the whole brain, in both white and gray matters, in similar manner to previous reports of whole brain studies. We investigated whether white matter displays time-locked BOLD signals across multiple structural pathways in response to a stimulus in a similar manner to the cortex. We find that both white and gray matter show time-locked activations across the whole brain, with a majority of both tissue types showing statistically significant signal changes for all task stimuli investigated. We observed a wide range of signal responses to tasks, with different regions showing different BOLD signal changes to the same task. Moreover, we find that each region may display different BOLD responses to different stimuli. Overall, we present compelling evidence that, just like all gray matter, essentially all white matter in the brain shows time-locked BOLD signal changes in response to multiple stimuli, challenging the idea of sparse functional localization and the prevailing wisdom of treating white matter BOLD signals as artifacts to be removed.
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