ArticleMaternal and child health journal2023
Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Prevalence of Hypersensitivity Diseases and Autism: A Nationwide Study of Children.
Article in Maternal and child health journal, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Differences in Community Recognition of Autism Between Special Education and Clinicians: Insights From Public Health Surveillance in Arizona.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Social vulnerability and the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among 8-year-old children, Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 2020.Annals of epidemiology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivePrior research suggests that children with a low socioeconomic status (SES) background are at an increased risk for special healthcare needs. Conversely, for hypersensitivity-related diseases, many studies reported a lower risk among children with lower SES according to the hygiene hypothesis. We aimed to evaluate the association between SES and several hypersensitivity diseases and autism in a representative American sample.
methodsWe used data from the 2016, 2017 and 2018 US National Survey of Children's Health. A total of 102,341 children aged 0-17 years were included. The dependent variables were doctor-diagnosed allergies, arthritis, asthma, diabetes, and autism. The main SES indicators were family poverty levels, highest education of the reported adults and difficulty in family income. Our analysis used logistic regression that accounted for the survey sampling design.
resultsThe sample had a mean age of 9.4 ± 5.3 years. The weighted prevalence for allergies was 24.4%, 0.3% for arthritis, 11.9% for asthma, 0.5% for diabetes and 2.6% for autism. Children with adults reporting higher educational levels had greater odds of allergies (adjusted odds ratio and 95% CI: 1.48, 1.23-1.78) than those with lower educational levels. But for all other diseases, most findings suggested that a higher odds of disease was associated with lower SES instead of higher SES.
conclusionsA low SES background remains an important risk factor for hypersensitivity diseases in children. Most of our results suggested that children with low SES were associated with a higher risk of hypersensitivity diseases and autism.
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