ArticleEmerging microbes & infections2023
Immune evasion and membrane fusion of SARS-CoV-2 XBB subvariants EG.5.1 and XBB.2.3.
Article in Emerging microbes & infections, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trivalent recombinant protein vaccine induces cross-neutralization against XBB lineage and JN.1 subvariants: preclinical and phase 1 clinical trials.Nature communications · 2024Trial
- Intranasal vaccine combining adenovirus and trimeric subunit protein provides superior immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Increased pathogenicity and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XBB.1.9 subvariants, including HK.3 and EG.5.1, relative to BA.2.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Engineering a multivalent antibody nanoparticle to overcome SARS-CoV-2 Omicron immune evasion.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Genomic and clinical epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in coastal Kenya: insights into variant circulation, reinfection, and multiple lineage importations during a post-pandemic wave.BMC global and public health · 2025Article
- An Italian Single-Center Genomic Surveillance Study: Two-Year Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Mutations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
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- Evaluating the safety of XBB.1.5-containing COVID-19 mRNA vaccines using a self-controlled case series study.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Immune evasion, infectivity, and membrane fusion of the SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 variant.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Neutralization and spike stability of JN.1-derived LB.1, KP.2.3, KP.3, and KP.3.1.1 subvariants.mBio · 2025Article
- In-depth analysis of the risk factors for persistent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection and construction of predictive models: an exploratory research study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Role of glycosylation mutations at the N-terminal domain of SARS-CoV-2 XEC variant in immune evasion, cell-cell fusion, and spike stability.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- A Hidden Guardian: The Stability and Spectrum of Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity in COVID-19 Response in Chinese Adults.Vaccines · 2025Article
- A recombinant protein vaccine induces protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 and XBB-lineage subvariants.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Article
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- Recombinant XBB.1.5 boosters induce robust neutralization against KP.2- and KP.3-included JN.1 sublineages.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Article
- Article
- Intranasal delivery of a subunit protein vaccine provides protective immunity against JN.1 and XBB-lineage variants.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Article
- Immune Evasion, Cell-Cell Fusion, and Spike Stability of the SARS-CoV-2 XEC Variant: Role of Glycosylation Mutations at the N-terminal Domain.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- A protein vaccine of RBD integrated with immune evasion mutation shows broad protection against SARS-CoV-2.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Immune evasion by SARS-CoV-2 paired with immune imprinting from monovalent mRNA vaccines has resulted in attenuated neutralizing antibody responses against Omicron subvariants. In this study, we characterized two new XBB variants rising in circulation - EG.5.1 and XBB.2.3, for their neutralization and syncytia formation. We determined the neutralizing antibody titers in sera of individuals that received a bivalent mRNA vaccine booster, BA.4/5-wave infection, or XBB.1.5-wave infection. Bivalent vaccination-induced antibodies neutralized ancestral D614G efficiently, but to a much less extent, two new EG.5.1 and XBB.2.3 variants. In fact, the enhanced neutralization escape of EG.5.1 appeared to be driven by its key defining mutation XBB.1.5-F456L. Notably, infection by BA.4/5 or XBB.1.5 afforded little, if any, neutralization against EG.5.1, XBB.2.3 and previous XBB variants - especially in unvaccinated individuals, with average neutralizing antibody titers near the limit of detection. Additionally, we investigated the infectivity, fusion activity, and processing of variant spikes for EG.5.1 and XBB.2.3 in HEK293T-ACE2 and CaLu-3 cells but found no significant differences compared to earlier XBB variants. Overall, our findings highlight the continued immune evasion of new Omicron subvariants and, more importantly, the need to reformulate mRNA vaccines to include XBB spikes for better protection.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.