Observational studyeLife2023
An observational treatment study of metacognition in anxious-depression.
Observational study in eLife, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Towards an integrative neuroscience of metacognition.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2026Review
- Drops in confidence precede symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Cognitive arbitration between candidate dimensions of psychopathology.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Inflammatory profiles of transdiagnostic symptom dimensions in healthy females.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Article
- Using computational models of learning to advance cognitive behavioral therapy.Communications psychology · 2025Review
- Distorted learning from local metacognition supports transdiagnostic underconfidence.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Metacognitive biases in anxiety-depression and compulsivity extend across perception and memory.PLOS mental health · 2025Article
- Metacognitive deficits in major depressive disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Neural Correlates of Metacognition Impairment in Opioid Addiction.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2024Article
- Information search under uncertainty across transdiagnostic psychopathology and healthy ageing.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- Reliable, rapid, and remote measurement of metacognitive bias.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Confidence biases in problem gambling.Journal of behavioral addictions · 2024Article
- Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Prior studies have found metacognitive biases are linked to a transdiagnostic dimension of anxious-depression, manifesting as reduced confidence in performance. However, previous work has been cross-sectional and so it is unclear if under-confidence is a trait-like marker of anxious-depression vulnerability, or if it resolves when anxious-depression improves. Data were collected as part of a large-scale transdiagnostic, four-week observational study of individuals initiating internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT) or antidepressant medication. Self-reported clinical questionnaires and perceptual task performance were gathered to assess anxious-depression and metacognitive bias at baseline and 4-week follow-up. Primary analyses were conducted for individuals who received iCBT (n=649), with comparisons between smaller samples that received antidepressant medication (n=82) and a control group receiving no intervention (n=88). Prior to receiving treatment, anxious-depression severity was associated with under-confidence in performance in the iCBT arm, replicating previous work. From baseline to follow-up, levels of anxious-depression were significantly reduced, and this was accompanied by a significant increase in metacognitive confidence in the iCBT arm (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.