ArticleEMBO reports2023
Immune-epithelial cell cross-talk enhances antiviral responsiveness to SARS-CoV-2 in children.
Article in EMBO reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Unique nasal cell states induced by common pediatric respiratory viruses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Integrated in vitro and multi-cohort cross-omics analysis of HTLV-1-associated lung pathology reveals a RelA-dependent mechanism for monocyte recruitment and differentiation.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Early life group 2 innate lymphoid cells in health and disease.Molecular and cellular pediatrics · 2026Review
- Impact of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection on the severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection in hospitalized children.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Pediatric COVID-19: clinical characteristics and prognostic outcomes.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Immunological Mechanisms Underlying Allergy Predisposition After SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children.Cells · 2025Review
- The hepatitis E virus capsid protein ORF2 counteracts cell-intrinsic antiviral responses to enable persistent replication in cell culture.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Cytosolic nucleic acid sensing as driver of critical illness: mechanisms and advances in therapy.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Article
- What goes up must come down: dynamics of type 1 interferon signaling across the lifespan.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Elevated Soluble ACE2 Activity in Children and Adults After SARS-CoV-2 Exposure Irrespective of Laboratory-Confirmed Infection.Journal of medical virology · 2024Article
- Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain 1 (NOD1) Agonists Prevent SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Human Lung Epithelial Cells through Harnessing the Innate Immune Response.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Yin and yang of interferons: lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Current opinion in immunology · 2024Review
- The inflammatory microenvironment of the lung at the time of infection governs innate control of SARS-CoV-2 replication.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Immune-epithelial cell cross-talk enhances antiviral responsiveness to SARS-CoV-2 in children.EMBO reports · 2023Article
- High-resolution kinetic characterization of the RIG-I-signaling pathway and the antiviral response.Life science alliance · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The risk of developing severe COVID-19 rises dramatically with age. Schoolchildren are significantly less likely than older people to die from SARS-CoV-2 infection, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this age-dependence are unknown. In primary infections, innate immunity is critical due to the lack of immune memory. Children, in particular, have a significantly stronger interferon response due to a primed state of their airway epithelium. In single-cell transcriptomes of nasal turbinates, we find increased frequencies of immune cells and stronger cytokine-mediated interactions with epithelial cells, resulting in increased epithelial expression of viral sensors (RIG-I, MDA5) via IRF1. In vitro, adolescent peripheral blood mononuclear cells produce more cytokines, priming A549 cells for stronger interferon responses to SARS-CoV-2. Taken together, our findings suggest that increased numbers of immune cells in the airways of children and enhanced cytokine-based interactions with epithelial cells tune the setpoint of the epithelial antiviral system. Our findings shed light on the molecular basis of children's remarkable resistance to COVID-19 and may suggest a novel concept for immunoprophylactic treatments.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.