ArticleBrain : a journal of neurology2024
Extracellular vesicle biomarkers for complement dysfunction in schizophrenia.
Article in Brain : a journal of neurology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extracellular vesicles from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid provide insights into the inhaled corticosteroids treatment response in COPD.Respiratory research · 2025Trial
- Extracellular vesicles for liquid biopsy in major depressive disorder: Human evidence and clinical translation.iScience · 2026Review
- Primary cilia-extracellular vesicle crosstalk in Alzheimer's disease: Emerging mechanisms and biomarker potential.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Review
- Plasma extracellular vesicle proteins biomarker for cerebral small vessel disease related cognitive impairment.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2026Article
- Plasma proteome profiling identifies novel biomarkers and predictors for schizophrenia.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Clinical deep phenotyping of treatment response in schizophrenia (CDP-STAR): design and methodology of a prospective multimodal observational study.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Observational
- Non-coding RNA in extracellular vesicles and the occurrence and progression of psychiatric disorders: A narrative review.World journal of psychiatry · 2026Review
- Brain and circulating EV proteome signatures in schizophrenia as prognostic markers for age-related dementia.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicle biomarkers: current status and future perspectives as novel tools in liquid biopsy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Decoding psychotropic-induced metabolic disturbances: gut-brain axis, multi-omics, and nutrition-lifestyle integration.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Harnessing Nanocarriers to Improve Psychiatric Treatment: Progress, Limitations, and Future Directions.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Brain Injury and Neurodegeneration: Molecular, Functional, and Translational Approach 3.0.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Drug Target Discovery for Chronic Widespread Pain: A Large Proteogenomic Study.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Cannabinoids and Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Hypothesis-Driven Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Blood and neuronal extracellular vesicle mitochondrial disruptions in schizophrenia.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Natural lithium isotope variations in serum after lithium administration as a novel biomarker for differentiating schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Biomarkers of bipolar disorder in omics and neuroimaging.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2025Review
- Complement Cascades and Brain Disorders.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Update on the roles and applications of extracellular vesicles in depression.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Review
- Can artificial intelligence be the future solution to the enormous challenges and suffering caused by Schizophrenia?Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Schizophrenia, a complex neuropsychiatric disorder, frequently experiences a high rate of misdiagnosis due to subjective symptom assessment. Consequently, there is an urgent need for innovative and objective diagnostic tools. In this study, we used cutting-edge extracellular vesicles' (EVs) proteome profiling and XGBoost-based machine learning to develop new markers and personalized discrimination scores for schizophrenia diagnosis and prediction of treatment response. We analysed plasma and plasma-derived EVs from 343 participants, including 100 individuals with chronic schizophrenia, 34 first-episode and drug-naïve patients, 35 individuals with bipolar disorder, 25 individuals with major depressive disorder and 149 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Our innovative approach uncovered EVs-based complement changes in patients, specific to their disease-type and status. The EV-based biomarkers outperformed their plasma counterparts, accurately distinguishing schizophrenia individuals from healthy controls with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.895, 83.5% accuracy, 85.3% sensitivity and 82.0% specificity. Moreover, they effectively differentiated schizophrenia from bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder, with AUCs of 0.966 and 0.893, respectively. The personalized discrimination scores provided a personalized diagnostic index for schizophrenia and exhibited a significant association with patients' antipsychotic treatment response in the follow-up cohort. Overall, our study represents a significant advancement in the field of neuropsychiatric disorders, demonstrating the potential of EV-based biomarkers in guiding personalized diagnosis and treatment of schizophrenia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.