ArticleSurgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA2023
Compartments of the crural fascia: clinically relevant ultrasound, anatomical and histological findings.
Article in Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pressure-controlled ultrasound is a novel non-invasive technique for detecting anterior chronic exertional compartment syndrome.BMJ open sport & exercise medicine · 2026Article
- Novel Sonoguided Digital Palpation and Hydrodissection for Sural Nerve Dysfunction Mimicking Achilles Tendinopathy in a Psoriasis Patient.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Description of the episeptal and interlaminar fascial tunnels for the superficial fibular nerve and its terminal branches.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2025Article
- Ultrasound identification of hand and wrist anatomical structures by hand surgeons new to ultrasonographic techniques.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeCompartment syndrome is a surgical emergency that can occur in any part of the body and can cause cell necrosis when maintained over time. The resulting defects can affect the nerves, muscle cells, bone tissue, and other connective tissues inside the compartment, and fasciotomy has to be performed. The anatomical and histological characteristics of the leg make acute, chronic, and exertional compartment syndrome more likely in this limb. For these reasons, knowledge of the ultrasound, anatomical, and histological features of the crural fascia can help in the treatment of leg compartment syndrome.
methodsTwenty-one cryopreserved lower limbs from adult cadavers and from one 29-week-old fetus were obtained from the dissection room. They were examined by ultrasound and a subsequent anatomical dissection and microscopy to study the crural fascia and its relationship with the different muscles. Anthropometric measurements were taken of the distances from the head of the fibula and lateral malleolus to the origin of the tibialis anterior muscle in the crural fascia, the exit of the superficial fibular nerve, and the fascia covering the deep posterior muscles of the leg.
resultsThe crural fascia has very important clinical relationships, which can be identified by ultrasound, as the origin of the tibialis anterior muscle at 16.25 cm from the head of the fibula and the exit of the superficial fibular nerve that crosses this fascia at 21.25 cm from the head of the fibula. Furthermore, the presence of a septum that fixes the deep posterior muscles of the leg and the vessels and nerve can be seen by ultrasound and can explain the possible development of a posterior compartmental syndrome of the leg. Awareness of these features will help to keep these structures safe during the surgical treatment of compartment syndrome.
conclusionThe ultrasound study allows identification of anatomical structures in the leg and, thus, avoids damage to them during surgery for compartmental syndromes.
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