ArticleInternational immunopharmacology2023
Low-dose naltrexone use for the management of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19.
Article in International immunopharmacology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Article
- Low-Dose Naltrexone: What is the Evidence? A Narrative Review.Advances in therapy · 2026Review
- The expanding potential of low-dose naltrexone in clinical practice with a focus on long COVID.The mental health clinician · 2026Article
- Current status and future perspectives on the mechanistic and pathophysiological understanding of long COVID.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Post-exertional malaise and the myth of cardiac deconditioning: rethinking the pathophysiology of long covid.British journal of sports medicine · 2026Article
- Pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of long COVID.Virology journal · 2026Review
- Low-Dose Naltrexone in Chronic Pain Management: Mechanisms, Evidence, and Clinical Implications.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Candidate treatments for long COVID: a narrative review of expert and patient-driven priorities.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Long COVID syndrome: exploring therapies for managing and overcoming persistent symptoms.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Review
- Therapeutic options for the treatment of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19: a scoping review.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Review
- Human herpesvirus reactivation and its potential role in the pathogenesis of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection.GeroScience · 2025Review
- Low-Dose naltrexone restored TRPM3 ion channel function in natural killer cells from long COVID patients.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2025Article
- Beyond Antivirals: Alternative Therapies for Long COVID.Viruses · 2024Review
- Low-dose naltrexone for post-COVID fatigue syndrome: a study protocol for a double-blind, randomised trial in British Columbia.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Long COVID management: a mini review of current recommendations and underutilized modalities.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The global prevalence of Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (PASC) stands at approximately 43 % among individuals who have previously had acute COVID-19. In contrast, in the United States, the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) estimates that around 11 % of individuals who have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 go on to experience long COVID. The underlying causes of PASC remains under investigation, and there are no currently established FDA-approved therapies. One of the leading hypotheses for the cause of PASC is the persistent activation of innate immune cells with increase systemic inflammation. Naltrexone is a medication with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties that has been used in other conditions that overlap with PASC. We performed a retrospective review of a clinical cohort of 59 patients at a single academic center who received low-dose naltrexone (LDN) off-label as a potential therapeutic intervention for PASC. The use of LDN was associated with a fewer number of symptoms, improved clinical symptoms (fatigue, post-exertional malaise, unrefreshing sleep, and abnormal sleep pattern), and a better functional status. This observation warrants testing in rigorous, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.