ArticleThe Plant cell2024
Cell layer-specific expression of the homeotic MADS-box transcription factor PhDEF contributes to modular petal morphogenesis in petunia.
Article in The Plant cell, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanisms underlying green flower formation.Horticulture research · 2026Article
- DcMADS3, a MADS-Box Transcription Factor, Highly Expressed at the Middle Flower Bud Stage and Involved in Petalization Development in Carrot.Molecular biotechnology · 2026Article
- Diversity and ecological functions of anthocyanins.BMC plant biology · 2025Review
- MYB regulator of "colorless" flavonols underlies the evolution of red flowers in Iochroma (Solanaceae).G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2025Article
- Comparative Transcriptomics Analysis Reveals Genes Associated with a Dehiscent-Corolla Mutant in Sesame (International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Research Progress on the Regulation of Plant Floral Organ Development by theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Evolution of petal patterning: blooming floral diversity at the microscale.The New phytologist · 2025Review
- AnPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Building beauty: Understanding how hormone signaling regulates petal patterning and morphogenesis.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2025Review
- From the archives: the shape of flowers, timely flowering, and floral organ longevity.The Plant cell · 2025Article
- The homeotic gene PhDEF regulates production of volatiles in petunia flowers by activating EOBI and EOBII.The Plant cell · 2025Article
- Defining petal cell identity layer-by-layer.The Plant cell · 2024Article
- Multifaceted roles of transcription factors during plant embryogenesis.Frontiers in plant science · 2023Review
- Identification and expression analysis of the MADS-box genes of Kentucky bluegrass during inflorescence development.Physiology and molecular biology of plants : an international journal of functional plant biology · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
Floral homeotic MADS-box transcription factors ensure the correct morphogenesis of floral organs, which are organized in different cell layers deriving from distinct meristematic layers. How cells from these distinct layers acquire their respective identities and coordinate their growth to ensure normal floral organ morphogenesis is unresolved. Here, we studied petunia (Petunia × hybrida) petals that form a limb and tube through congenital fusion. We identified petunia mutants (periclinal chimeras) expressing the B-class MADS-box gene DEFICIENS in the petal epidermis or in the petal mesophyll, called wico and star, respectively. Strikingly, wico flowers form a strongly reduced tube while their limbs are almost normal, while star flowers form a normal tube but greatly reduced and unpigmented limbs, showing that petunia petal morphogenesis is highly modular. These mutants highlight the layer-specific roles of PhDEF during petal development. We explored the link between PhDEF and petal pigmentation, a well-characterized limb epidermal trait. The anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway was strongly downregulated in star petals, including its major regulator ANTHOCYANIN2 (AN2). We established that PhDEF directly binds to the AN2 terminator in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that PhDEF might regulate AN2 expression and therefore petal epidermis pigmentation. Altogether, we show that cell layer-specific homeotic activity in petunia petals differently impacts tube and limb development, revealing the relative importance of the different cell layers in the modular architecture of petunia petals.
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