ReviewMolecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy2023
Arming CAR-T cells with cytokines and more: Innovations in the fourth-generation CAR-T development.
Review in Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 128 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
128 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 137 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mapping the clinical landscape of multifunctional CAR T cells: Targets, trends, and synergies.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Pooled it
- Strategies and mechanisms for the enhancement of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell functions.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Pooled it
- The safety and efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy in solid malignancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Demethylation-primed tandem CD19/CD20 CAR T cells in relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphoma: a phase I/II trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Remodeling memory T cells with chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors as host pre-conditioning to empower in vivo CAR-T therapy.Synthetic and systems biotechnology · 2026Review
- Programmable engineered bacteria manipulate metabolism and remodel the TME in situ for enhancing adoptive cell therapy.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Article
- Engineering the next generation of cellular therapies for solid tumors: multi-specific armored CARs and TME reprogramming strategies.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- The evolving role of cytokines for CAR-T cell manufacturing and beyond.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Review
- A spatially resolved implantable microdevice for multiplexed in situ screening of engineered cellular therapies in solid tumors.Science advances · 2026Article
- Benchmarking comparison of chimeric antigen receptor targets in hepatocellular carcinoma: A multimodal analysis.Chinese medical journal · 2026Article
- CD47 monoclonal antibody enhances the inhibitory effect of anti-HER2 chimeric antigen receptor macrophages on ovarian cancer.Oncology letters · 2026Article
- Intrinsic tumor cell line immunogenicity may drive CAR-independent T cell responses and confound CAR T cell preclinical modeling.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Light-Regulated Cancer Immunotherapy Using Individually Encapsulated Synthetic Circuit-Engineered Cells.Bio-protocol · 2026Article
- Engineered PD1-NKG2D Dual-CAR NK92 cells broaden antitumor target recognition in preclinical tumor models.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- A guide to CAR T cell therapies: development, current status and future prospects.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Advancements in delivery systems for in vivo chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in urological diseases.Current urology · 2026Review
- A Scalable Lentiviral Workflow for Laboratory-Scale Generation of BCMA/GPRC5D Co-Transduced CAR-T Cells in Multiple Myeloma.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Novel approaches to modulate CAR-T cell function by targeting the tumor microenvironment in ovarian cancer.Journal of ovarian research · 2026Review
- Targeting cytokine/chemokine signaling to convert immunologically cold tumors into hot: Emerging strategies in cancer immunotherapy.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Enhancing persistence while managing cytokine release syndrome to embrace next-generation CAR-T cell therapy.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
68 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T) therapy has shown great potential in tumor treatment. However, many factors impair the efficacy of CAR-T therapy, such as antigenic heterogeneity and loss, limited potency and persistence, poor infiltration capacity, and a suppressive tumor microenvironment. To overcome these obstacles, recent studies have reported a new generation of CAR-T cells expressing cytokines called armored CAR-T, TRUCK-T, or the fourth-generation CAR-T. Here we summarize the strategies of arming CAR-T cells with natural or synthetic cytokine signals to enhance their anti-tumor capacity. Moreover, we summarize the advances in CAR-T cells expressing non-cytokine proteins, such as membrane receptors, antibodies, enzymes, co-stimulatory molecules, and transcriptional factors. Furthermore, we discuss several prospective strategies for armored CAR-T therapy development. Altogether, these ideas may provide new insights for the innovations of the next-generation CAR-T therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.