Trial reportScientific reports2023
The effect of sequential combination of mirror therapy and robot-assisted therapy on motor function, daily function, and self-efficacy after stroke.
Trial report in Scientific reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Combined Robot-assisted Therapy With Mirror Priming on Hand Function and Health-related Conditions in Patients With Stroke.
A Prospective, Randomized, Parallel-Controlled Clinical Study Protocol of Non-Invasive Brain Computer Interface Robot Based on Mirror Rehabilitation Theory in the Treatment of Upper Limb Motor Function Disorder After Stroke
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Robot-assisted therapy following stroke: what effects on quality of life, cognitive and psychosocial outcomes? A systematic review.Journal of rehabilitation medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness of mirror and robot-assisted therapy for upper extremity rehabilitation in post-stroke patients: a meta-analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2026Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of effectiveness of robotic therapy in the recovery of motor functions after stroke.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Sequential gait interventions reveal non-reciprocal transfer between instructional and sensorimotor adaptation mechanisms.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Traditional Rehabilitation Experiences, Unmet Needs, and Perspectives on Virtual Reality-Based Rehabilitation Among Patients With Stroke in China: Qualitative Thematic Analysis and Semistructured Interview Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Robot-Assisted Mirror Therapy for Upper Limb and Hand Recovery After Stroke: Clinical Efficacy and Insights into Neural Mechanisms.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Adapted Virtual Reality Exergaming Using Off-the-Shelf Supplies for Poststroke Hemiparetic Arm Rehabilitation: Case Study.JMIR formative research · 2025Article
- Value of Robotics: Comparison of Three Different High-Intensity Training Programs for Rehabilitation After Stroke.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Advances in nursing care for post-stroke limb dysfunction rehabilitation.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Neurorehabilitation technologies and functional recovery after brain injury: influence of sex, an integrative review.Frontiers in digital health · 2025Review
- Explainable machine learning model and nomogram for predicting the efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in treating Long COVID: a retrospective study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Robotic mirror therapy for stroke rehabilitation through virtual activities of daily living.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2024Article
- Reminiscent music therapy combined with robot-assisted rehabilitation for elderly stroke patients: a pilot study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2024Article
- The Desirable Effects of Edoxaban on Thrombi in the Left Atrium Are Seemingly Connected to Pulmonary Vein Thrombi.Cureus · 2024Article
- Effects of robot-assisted hand function therapy on brain functional mechanisms: a synchronized study using fNIRS and sEMG.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Robot-assisted therapy and mirror therapy are both effective in promoting upper limb function after stroke and combining these two interventions might yield greater therapeutic effects. We aimed to examine whether using mirror therapy as a priming strategy would augment therapeutic effects of robot-assisted therapy. Thirty-seven chronic stroke survivors (24 male/13 female; age = 49.8 ± 13.7 years) were randomized to receive mirror therapy or sham mirror therapy prior to robot-assisted therapy. All participants received 18 intervention sessions (60 min/session, 3 sessions/week). Outcome measures were evaluated at baseline and after the 18-session intervention. Motor function was assessed using Fugl-Meyer Assessment and Wolf Motor Function Test. Daily function was assessed using Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living Scale. Self-efficacy was assessed using Stroke Self-Efficacy Questionnaires and Daily Living Self-Efficacy Scale. Data was analyzed using mixed model analysis of variance. Both groups demonstrated statistically significant improvements in measures of motor function and daily function, but no significant between-group differences were found. Participants who received mirror therapy prior to robot-assisted therapy showed greater improvements in measures of self-efficacy, compared with those who received sham mirror therapy. Our findings suggest that sequentially combined mirror therapy with robot-assisted therapy could be advantageous for enhancing self-efficacy post-stroke.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03917511. Registered on 17/04/2019, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/ NCT03917511.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.