ArticleBMC nursing2023
The effect of psychological contract on turnover intention among nurses: a meta-analytic review.
Article in BMC nursing, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of social support on turnover intention in clinical nurses.Frontiers in public health · 2024Pooled it
- Article
- Psychological Capital and Job Performance Mediate Psychological Contract and Turnover Intention in Young Nurses.International nursing review · 2026Article
- Relationship between compassion fatigue, medical narrative ability, and retention intention among nurses: a cross-sectional multi-center study.Frontiers in health services · 2026Article
- Perceived fulfillment of multilevel psychological contract responsibilities, job burnout, and turnover intention among primary care physicians: a structural equation modeling analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Nursing Outside the Lines: Identity, Policy, and the Rise of Gig Economy Nursing.Journal of nursing management · 2026Article
- Article
- Observational
- Article
- Prevalence of turnover intention among emergency nurses worldwide: a meta-analysis.BMC nursing · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe turnover intention (TI) of nurses is common, posing a threat to modern healthcare organizations. Psychological contract (PC) is a predictor of TI, affecting significantly nurse's TI. However, the extent of the association between PC and nurse's TI is unknown. We performed a meta-analysis to quantitatively analyze the relationship between PC and nurse's TI.
methodsWe searched nine electronic databases from inception to July 2023. Observational studies were included using a retrieval strategy related to PC and TI. Meta-analyses of common effect and random effect models were performed using R software with Spearman or Pearson correlation coefficients. Meta-regression, subgroup analysis, publication bias, and sensitivity analysis were also carried out .
resultsEighteen studies including 8,908 nurses were identified. Based on various PC-related perspectives, 16 studies explored nurses' TI in terms of the content and three-dimensional structure of PC. Of these, 9 studies reported the negative direction of the correlation between PC and TI (r ranged from - 0.20 to -0.45), whereas 7 studies reported the positive direction of the correlation between PC and TI (r ranged from 0.32 to 0.50). The PC total and its dimensions were found to have moderately significant associations with TI, with the exception of the PCE and PCE-I. Additional, 2 studies reported the relationship between the outcome of PC and TI, the PCF, PCB, and PCV were powerful predictors of nurses' TI. Meta-regression and subgroup analysis found that only nurses working in specialized departments might be the source of heterogeneity.
conclusionsTo our knowledge, this was the first meta-analysis to quantitatively examine the relationship between PC and TI among nurses. The findings reaffirmed the necessity for healthcare administrators and the medical profession to valued nurse' good interpersonal, social support, humanistic environment, and meet nurses' psychological and spiritual needs in addition to their material demands. Moderators of the connection between PC and TI, based on meta-regression and subgroup analyses, should be carefully explored as they may aid in identifying nurses' TI. Additional, longitudinal research, as well as mixed research, should be conducted to more comprehensively explore the relationship between PC and TI.
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Registered trials
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