ArticlePloS one2023
First 72-hours after birth: Newborn feeding practices and neonatal mortality in India.
Article in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exclusive breastfeeding among infants in Jigawa State, Nigeria: a cross-sectional analysis.International breastfeeding journal · 2025Article
- Initiation of breastfeeding among mothers attending a regional referral hospital in central uganda: a cross-sectional study.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Article
- Navigating Work and Breastfeeding: A Qualitative Exploration of Breastfeeding Experiences among Nurses and Support Staff in South India.Turkish archives of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Mapping stillbirth and infant mortality rates: a district-wise exploration using civil registration system reports of Karnataka.Porto biomedical journalArticle
- Newborn Feeding Practices among Postnatal Mothers and their Awareness and Attitude toward Human Milk Donation: A Cross-sectional Study in a Tertiary Care Institute of Kolkata.International journal of applied & basic medical researchArticle
- Improving the First-hour Breastfeeding Rate in Cesarean Deliveries: A Quality Improvement Initiative.Pediatric quality & safetyArticle
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe reductions in mortality levels among children under five years are observed in most populations, including populations that were lagging the progress in the past. However, the reduction is not uniform across ages during childhood. The mortality declines within the first month have shown relatively slow progress. Early initiation of breastfeeding and discarding pre-lacteal feed protects the newborn from acquiring infection and, thereby, reduces mortality. This paper assesses the change in the prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding and pre-lacteal feed along with their associated factors, and their association with neonatal mortality in India.
methodsWe used data from the three rounds of National Family Health Surveys conducted during 2005-06, 2015-16 and 2019-21 in India. We used bivariate and multivariate analyses to examine prevalence rates, risk factors, and relationships between breastfeeding practices, including early initiation of breastfeeding and pre-lacteal feed, and neonatal mortality.
resultsEarly initiation of breastfeeding within one hour after birth increased rapidly from 25% in 2005-06 to 42% in 2019-21, and the pre-lacteal feeding practice declined from 57% in 2005-06 to 15% in 2019-21. Pre-lacteal feed is lower in states/districts where early breastfeeding initiation is predominant and vice versa. The role of health professionals during pregnancy and the first two days after delivery significantly improved breastfeeding practice. Further, the findings suggest that an early breastfeeding initiation is associated with lower neonatal mortality, whereas pre-lacteal feed is not harmful compared to late breastfeeding initiation.
conclusionPrevalence of pre-lacteal feed reduced, and initiation of early breastfeeding increased considerably after the launch of the National Rural Health Mission in India. However, after 2015-16, early breastfeeding initiation has stagnated, and the decline in pre-lacteal feed has slowed down. The future program needs special attention to emphasize the availability and accessibility of breastfeeding advisers and observers in health facilities to help mitigate adverse neonatal outcomes.
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