Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37796489›Full record

ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2023

The Structural Layers of the Porcine Iris Exhibit Inherently Different Biomechanical Properties.

Royston K Y Tan, Satish K Panda, Fabian A Braeu, Arumugam R Muralidharan, Monisha E Nongpiur, Anita S Y Chan, Tin Aung, Raymond P Najjar, Michaël J A Girard

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.3field-weighted citation impact, top 42% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.

Royston K Y TanOphthalmic Engineering & Innovation Laboratory, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.
Satish K PandaOphthalmic Engineering & Innovation Laboratory, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.
Fabian A BraeuOphthalmic Engineering & Innovation Laboratory, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.
Arumugam R MuralidharanSingapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.
Monisha E NongpiurSingapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.
Anita S Y ChanSingapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.
Tin AungSingapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.
Raymond P NajjarSingapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.
Michaël J A GirardOphthalmic Engineering & Innovation Laboratory, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore.
Singapore National Eye Center · SGNational University of Singapore · SG

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to isolate the structural components of the ex vivo porcine iris tissue and to determine their biomechanical properties. Methods: The porcine stroma and dilator tissues were separated, and their dimensions were assessed using optical coherence tomography (OCT). The stroma underwent flow test (n = 32) to evaluate for permeability using Darcy's Law (ΔP = 2000 Pa, A = 0.0391 mm2), and both tissues underwent stress relaxation experiments (ε = 0.5 with initial ramp of δε = 0.1) to evaluate for their viscoelastic behaviours (n = 28). Viscoelasticity was characterized by the parameters β (half width of the Gaussian distribution), τm (mean relaxation time constant), E0 (instantaneous modulus), and E∞ (equilibrium modulus). Results: For the stroma, the hydraulic permeability was 9.49 ± 3.05 × 10-6 mm2/Pa · s, and the viscoelastic parameters were β = 2.50 ± 1.40, and τm = 7.43 ± 4.96 s, with the 2 moduli calculated to be E0 = 14.14 ± 6.44 kPa and E∞ = 6.08 ± 2.74 kPa. For the dilator tissue, the viscoelastic parameters were β = 2.06 ± 1.33 and τm = 1.28 ± 1.27 seconds, with the 2 moduli calculated to be E0 = 9.16 ± 3.03 kPa and E∞ = 5.54 ± 1.98 kPa. Conclusions: We have established a new protocol to evaluate the biomechanical properties of the structural layers of the iris. Overall, the stroma was permeable and exhibited smaller moduli than those of the dilator muscle. An improved characterization of iris biomechanics may form the basis to further our understanding of angle closure glaucoma.

Indexed as

Glaucoma, Angle-ClosureIrisAnimalsBiomechanical PhenomenaSwineTomography, Optical Coherence

Identifiers

PMID37796489
PMCPMC10561784
OpenAlexW4387376927

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.