ReviewFEMS microbiology reviews2023
Molecular strategies for the utilisation of human milk oligosaccharides by infant gut-associated bacteria.
Review in FEMS microbiology reviews, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microbiota Signatures in Early Life and Their Association With Food Allergy: A Systematic Review.Allergy · 2026Pooled it
- Probiotics in Term Infants: Clinical Impact of Infant-Type Bifidobacteria: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Research focus and emerging trends of the gut microbiome and infant: a bibliometric analysis from 2004 to 2024.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Pooled it
- Improving immune-related health outcomes post-cesarean birth with a gut microbiome-based program: A randomized controlled trial.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2025Trial
- Maternal obesity alters human milk oligosaccharides content and correlates with early acquisition of late colonizers in the neonatal gut microbiome.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Maternal secretor status and human milk oligosaccharides influence the infant gut resistome.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Probiotics in Autoimmune Disease: Strain-specific Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Dynamic Succession of the Early-Life Gut Microbiota and the Regulatory Role of Human Milk Oligosaccharides.Nutrients · 2026Review
- The human breast milk microbiome: a landscape review of its composition, origins, and impact on infant health.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- The role of human milk oligosaccharides in shaping and restoring infant gut microbiota: population-based cohort study.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Article
- Multi-omic characterization of the sow colostrum and milk microbiome and proteome.Microbial genomics · 2026Article
- Synergistic regulation of gut microbiota and metabolites by breast milk and probiotics in the prevention of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis: mechanisms and prospects.Translational pediatrics · 2026Review
- Human DNA levels in feces reflect gut inflammation and associate with presence of gut species in IBD patients across the age spectrum.Microbiome · 2026Article
- Regulation of infant gut microbiota and metabolic pathways by human milk oligosaccharides: a multi-omics investigation.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Breastfeeding and prevention of childhood obesity: a narrative review of behavioral, hormonal, and microbiome programming.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Factors influencing gut microbial colonization: A host-microbe-environment interaction perspective.Current research in food science · 2026Review
- Early life gut microbiome and its impact on childhood health and chronic conditions.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Human milk oligosaccharide metabolism and antibiotic resistance in early gut colonizers: insights from bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in the maternal-infant microbiome.Gut microbes · 2025Article
- Seeding and feeding: nutrition and birth-associated exposures shape gut microbiome assembly in breastfed infants.Gut microbes · 2025Article
- Maternal consumption of urbanized diet compromises early-life health in association with gut microbiota.Gut microbes · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
A number of bacterial species are found in high abundance in the faeces of healthy breast-fed infants, an occurrence that is understood to be, at least in part, due to the ability of these bacteria to metabolize human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). HMOs are the third most abundant component of human milk after lactose and lipids, and represent complex sugars which possess unique structural diversity and are resistant to infant gastrointestinal digestion. Thus, these sugars reach the infant distal intestine intact, thereby serving as a fermentable substrate for specific intestinal microbes, including Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and especially infant-associated Bifidobacterium spp. which help to shape the infant gut microbiome. Bacteria utilising HMOs are equipped with genes associated with their degradation and a number of carbohydrate-active enzymes known as glycoside hydrolase enzymes have been identified in the infant gut, which supports this hypothesis. The resulting degraded HMOs can also be used as growth substrates for other infant gut bacteria present in a microbe-microbe interaction known as 'cross-feeding'. This review describes the current knowledge on HMO metabolism by particular infant gut-associated bacteria, many of which are currently used as commercial probiotics, including the distinct strategies employed by individual species for HMO utilisation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.