ArticlePloS one2023
Safety and clinical efficacy of an anti-PD-L1 antibody (c4G12) in dogs with advanced malignant tumours.
Article in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- In Vitro Characterization of an Equinized Anti-PD-L1 Antibody for Cancer Immunotherapy in Horses.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Comparative Cancer Genetics and Veterinary Therapeutics in Dogs and Cats: A Species-Aware Framework for Comparative Oncology.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Caninized PD-1 monoclonal antibody in oral malignant melanoma: efficacy and exploratory biomarker analysis.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Clinical efficacy of anti-programmed death ligand 1 antibody HFC-L1/c4G12 in dogs with malignant tumors: an exploratory study.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2025Article
- Exploratory, Randomized, Dose-Response Study of the Anti-PD-L1 Antibody HFC-L1/c4G12 in Dogs with Pulmonary Metastatic Oral Malignant Melanoma.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Evaluation of PD-L1 and TIM-3 Pathways in T Cells During Experimental Bovine Leukemia Virus Infection in Sheep.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Preclinical Evaluation of an Anchored Immunotherapy Strategy with Aluminum Hydroxide-Tethered IL-12 in Dogs with Advanced Malignant Melanoma.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2025Article
- Osteosarcoma of the appendicular skeleton in dogs: consensus and guidelines.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Review
- Prior corticosteroid treatment alters cPBMC composition and IFNγ response to immunotherapy in canine cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Development of caninized anti-CTLA-4 antibody as salvage combination therapy for anti-PD-L1 refractory tumors in dogs.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The immune microenvironment in tumors: focus on canine and feline spontaneous neoplasms.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Review
- Comparative pathophysiology and molecular insights into cutaneous and non-cutaneous canine skin cancers: focus on melanoma, mast cell tumors, and squamous cell carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Checkpoint Inhibitors in Dogs: Are We There Yet?Cancers · 2024Review
- Risk stratification scheme based on the TNM staging system for dogs with oral malignant melanoma centered on clinicopathologic presentation.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Exploring the dynamics of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 in canine lymphoma: unraveling mRNA amount, surface membrane expression and plasmatic levels.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been developed for canine tumour treatment, and pilot clinical studies have demonstrated their antitumour efficacy in dogs with oral malignant melanoma (OMM). Although ICIs have been approved for various human malignancies, their clinical benefits in other tumour types remain to be elucidated in dogs. Here, we conducted a clinical study of c4G12, a canine chimeric anti-PD-L1 antibody, to assess its safety and efficacy in dogs with various advanced malignant tumours (n = 12) at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Hokkaido University from 2018 to 2023. Dogs with digit or foot pad malignant melanoma (n = 4), osteosarcoma (n = 2), hemangiosarcoma (n = 1), transitional cell carcinoma (n = 1), nasal adenocarcinoma (n = 1), B-cell lymphoma (n = 1), or undifferentiated sarcoma (n = 2) were treated with 2 or 5 mg/kg c4G12 every 2 weeks. Treatment-related adverse events of any grade were observed in eight dogs (66.7%), including elevated aspartate aminotransferase (grade 3) in one dog (8.3%) and thrombocytopenia (grade 4) in another dog (8.3%). Among dogs with target disease at baseline (n = 8), as defined by the response evaluation criteria for solid tumours in dogs (cRECIST), one dog with nasal adenocarcinoma and another with osteosarcoma experienced a partial response (PR), with an objective response rate of 25.0% (2 PR out of 8 dogs; 95% confidence interval: 3.2-65.1%). These results suggest that c4G12 is safe and tolerable and shows antitumor effects in dogs with malignant tumours other than OMM. Further clinical studies are warranted to identify the tumour types that are most likely to benefit from c4G12 treatment.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.