SynthesisThe journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences2024
Beneficial Effect of Societal Factors on APOE-ε2 and ε4 Carriers' Brain Health: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- A multiancestry polygenic risk score for Alzheimer's disease is associated with cognitive decline and neuropathological hallmarks in diverse populations.Nature genetics · 2026Article
- A multi-ancestry polygenic risk score for Alzheimer disease is associated with cognitive decline, hippocampal atrophy and neuropathological hallmarks in diverse populations.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Western Diet and Cognitive Decline: A Hungarian Perspective-Implications for the Design of the Semmelweis Study.Nutrients · 2025Review
- APOE genotype and cognitive decline: educational context as a moderator of genetic risk.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2025Article
- The Role of Magnesium in Depression, Migraine, Alzheimer's Disease, and Cognitive Health: A Comprehensive Review.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Observational
- Genomic Insights into Dementia: Precision Medicine and the Impact of Gene-Environment Interaction.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Social determinants of health modify the association of Alzheimer's disease pathology with cognitive abilities but not of apolipoprotein E-Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundApolipoprotein-E (APOE) ε4 and ε2 are the most prevalent risk-increasing and risk-reducing genetic predictors of Alzheimer's disease, respectively. However, the extent to which societal factors can reduce the harmful impact of APOE-ε4 and enhance the beneficial impact of APOE-ε2 on brain health has not yet been examined systematically.
methodsTo fill this gap, we conducted a systematic review searching for studies in MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and Scopus until June 2023, that included: (a) 1 of 5 social determinants of health (SDH) identified by Healthy People 2030, (b) APOE-ε2 or APOE-ε4 allele carriers, (c) cognitive or brain-biomarker outcomes, and (d) studies with an analysis of how APOE-ε2 and/ or APOE-ε4 carriers differ on outcomes when exposed to SDH.
resultsFrom 14 076 articles retrieved, 124 met the inclusion criteria. In most of the studies, exposure to favorable SDH reduced APOE-ε4's detrimental effect and enhanced APOE-ε2's beneficial effect on cognitive and brain-biomarker outcomes (cognition: 70.5%, n: 74/105; brain-biomarkers: 71.4%, n: 20/28). A similar pattern of results emerged in each of the 5 Healthy People 2030 SDH categories, where finishing high school, having resources to satisfy basic needs, less air pollution, less negative external stimuli that can generate stress (eg, negative age stereotypes), and exposure to multiple favorable SDH were associated with better cognitive and brain health among APOE-ε4 and APOE-ε2 carriers.
conclusionsSocietal factors can reduce the harmful impact of APOE-ε4 and enhance the beneficial impact of APOE-ε2 on cognitive outcomes. This suggests that plans to reduce dementia should include community-level policies promoting favorable SDH.
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Registered trials
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