ReviewInternational immunology2024
Peripheral helper T cells, mavericks of peripheral immune responses.
Review in International immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond B cell helpers: diverse roles of peripheral helper T cells.International immunology · 2026Review
- The Role of CD4 T Cell Repertoire and Immune Memory Mechanisms in Vaccination and Infection Immunity.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- B Cells or T Cells in the Development and Sustenance of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Who is the Potential Contributor?Mediterranean journal of rheumatology · 2026Review
- Tertiary lymphoid structures correlate with reduced recurrence risk and enhanced antitumor immunity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with pathologic non-complete response to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2026Article
- Spatial transcriptomics reveals an SPP1-centered immune-fibrotic axis associated with fibrosis-related tissue remodeling in IgG4-related disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- CD8+ T cell depletion promotes human Tph/Tfh cell proliferation and Sjögren syndrome-like symptoms in PBMC-based humanized mice.JCI insight · 2025Article
- CO-STIMULATORY BLOCKADE PREVENTS INTRAGRAFT ACCRUAL OF CLASS-SWITCHED, ACTIVATED B CELLS DESPITE FAILING TO PREVENT T-CELL MEDIATED REJECTION.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Salidroside: A Potential Drug Candidate to Treat Rheumatoid Arthritis.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The impact of T cells on immune-related liver diseases: an overview.Inflammation and regeneration · 2025Review
- Tissue-Resident Memory and Follicular/Peripheral Helper PD-1European journal of immunology · 2025Article
- The Involvement and Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 Virus in Cardiovascular Pathology.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- IL-35 modulates Tfh2 and Tfr cell balance to alleviate allergic rhinitis.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025Article
- Exploring the differential functions of circulating follicular helper T and peripheral helper T cells in rheumatoid arthritis based on metabolism patterns.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Recent Advances of Type I Interferon on the Regulation of Immune Cells and the Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
- Review
- Helper T Cells are Hyperactive and Contribute to the Dysregulation of Antibody Production in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- From Genesis to Old Age: Exploring the Immune System One Cell at a Time with Flow Cytometry.Biomedicines · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Peripheral helper T (Tph) cells have been established, through intensive efforts to elucidate local immune responses in human rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as a CD4 subset intimately involved in acquired immunity in peripheral tissues. Initially, Tph cells were noted as a CD4 population that produces high levels of CXCL13 in RA synovial tissues, followed by a demonstration of their ability to help B cells. In contrast to follicular helper T (Tfh) cells, Tph cells do not express the transcription factor BCL6 but express molecules such as CXCL13, interleukin (IL)-21, and inducible T-cell costimulator (ICOS) to help B cells in peripheral tissues. Subsequent studies showed that Tph cells are associated with various diseases, including autoimmune diseases, infections, and malignancies, and with the development of early life immunity. This review summarizes the phenotype and function of Tph cells in RA and discusses their differentiation and diversity in various conditions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.