ReviewThe western journal of emergency medicine2023
Race, Healthcare, and Health Disparities: A Critical Review and Recommendations for Advancing Health Equity.
Review in The western journal of emergency medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 113 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
113 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 148 citations in OpenAlex.
- Self-Report Health Screening Tools in Female Athletes: A Systematic Review of Domain Coverage, Validation, and Use Across Participation Levels.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Pooled it
- Association Between Social Determinants of Health and Adherence to Antihypertensive Medications in US Patients With Uncontrolled, Treated Hypertension.Circulation. Population health and outcomes · 2026Trial
- Bridges to treatment satisfaction: the roles of trauma, social support, race and ethnicity among perinatal women receiving behavioural activation therapy.BMC medicine · 2025Trial
- Where do people obtain side effect information? Results from a census-matched U.S. national survey.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2026Article
- Healthcare experiences and expectations of women survivors of domestic violence in Asia: a systemized review of the literature.Global health action · 2026Review
- Built Environment, Community Safety, and Diabetes in the Deep South: A County Level Geospatial Analysis.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Enhancing the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model to Support Health Equity Research: Expanding Race and Ethnicity Data Representation.Medical care · 2026Article
- Sex and racial disparities in clinical outcomes and health resource use among patients with primary biliary cholangitis in the United States.Hepatology communications · 2026Observational
- Variations in Healthcare Provider Interactions and Treatment Satisfaction by Patient Race and Ethnicity: A Survey of Adults with Atopic Dermatitis.Advances in therapy · 2026Article
- Insomnia Symptoms are Common Among Community Dwelling African Americans Who Report Poor Sleep.Behavioral sleep medicine · 2026Article
- Racial and Ethnic Differences in Everyday Discrimination Measures in a National Sample of U.S. Adults.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- From Ethnobotany to Pharmacology: A Comprehensive Review of Selected Asteraceae Species Highlighting Phytochemical Composition, Traditional Uses, and Diverse Pharmacological Activities.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Assessing the effect of race on machine learning models predicting hospital admissions from emergency department.JAMIA open · 2026Article
- Evaluating the feasibility of health care databases for assessing the safety of switching between originator biologics and biosimilars.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2026Article
- Racial differences in reoperation rates following dacryocystorhinostomy.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Equity-Oriented Design Processes and Evaluation of Digital Health Technologies for Black Communities Beyond Usability: Scoping Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Health of Black Populations and Sexual and Gender Minorities in Health Education: A Scoping Review.Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2026Review
- Ethics in prehospital extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation.Resuscitation plus · 2026Article
- Neonatal Outcomes Following Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Use During Pregnancy.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Cervical Cancer Screening and Prevention among Latinas in the United States among a Network of Community Health Centers.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2026Article
53 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
An overwhelming body of evidence points to an inextricable link between race and health disparities in the United States. Although race is best understood as a social construct, its role in health outcomes has historically been attributed to increasingly debunked theories of underlying biological and genetic differences across races. Recently, growing calls for health equity and social justice have raised awareness of the impact of implicit bias and structural racism on social determinants of health, healthcare quality, and ultimately, health outcomes. This more nuanced recognition of the role of race in health disparities has, in turn, facilitated introspective racial disparities research, root cause analyses, and changes in practice within the medical community. Examining the complex interplay between race, social determinants of health, and health outcomes allows systems of health to create mechanisms for checks and balances that mitigate unfair and avoidable health inequalities. As one of the specialties most intertwined with social medicine, emergency medicine (EM) is ideally positioned to address racism in medicine, develop health equity metrics, monitor disparities in clinical performance data, identify research gaps, implement processes and policies to eliminate racial health inequities, and promote anti-racist ideals as advocates for structural change. In this critical review our aim was to (a) provide a synopsis of racial disparities across a broad scope of clinical pathology interests addressed in emergency departments-communicable diseases, non-communicable conditions, and injuries-and (b) through a race-conscious analysis, develop EM practice recommendations for advancing a culture of equity with the potential for measurable impact on healthcare quality and health outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.