Trial reportEndocrine2024
BEYOND 2 years: durability of metabolic benefits by simplification of complex insulin regimens in type 2 diabetes.
Trial report in Endocrine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04196231 (Durability of Combination of Insulin and GLP-1 Receptor Agonist or SGLT-2 Inhibitors Versus Basal Bolus Insulin Regimen in Type 2 Diabetes), which is not on this map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Durability of Combination of Insulin and GLP-1 Receptor Agonist or SGLT-2 Inhibitors Versus Basal Bolus Insulin Regimen in Type 2 Diabetes: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Burden of Hypoglycemia and Hyperglycemia in Insulin-Treated Veterans Affairs Nursing Home Residents.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2026Article
- Use of Fixed Ratio Combinations to Improve Glycemic Control in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: Experts' Opinion from the Gulf Region.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2026Review
- iGlarlixi for the simplification of more complex insulin regimens in type 2 diabetes patients with good glycaemic control.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Observational
- Article
- Practical limitations of complex insulin therapies in type 2 diabetes: Focus on therapy simplification using fixed-ratio combinations of basal insulin and a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Review
- Fixed-ratio combination of GLP-1 receptor agonist and basal insulin: simplifying type 2 diabetes treatment.Endocrine · 2025Article
- Expert Opinion on Optimising Type 2 Diabetes Treatment Using Fixed-Ratio Combination of Basal Insulin and GLP-1 RA for Treatment Intensification and Simplification.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo assess the magnitude and durability of the metabolic benefits by simplification of complex insulin treatments in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled by a full basal-bolus insulin regimen. Herein we report the results of the scheduled 2-year extension of the BEYOND trial.
methodsOriginally, 305 participants with inadequate glycemic control (HbA1c > 7.5%) were randomly assigned to intensification of basal-bolus insulin regimen (n = 101), to a fixed-ratio combination (basal insulin + GLP-1RA, n = 102), or to an association of basal insulin plus an SGLT-2 inhibitor (gliflo-combo, n = 102). The primary efficacy outcome was change from baseline in HbA1c at 24 months assessed by an intention-to-treat analysis. A per-protocol analysis was also performed.
resultsFifty-five percent of patients completed the study in the two comparison arms. Compared with patients randomized to basal-bolus, patients of the other groups experienced non statistically different reductions in HbA1c level according to either an intention-to-treat analysis (-0.8 ± 1.1%, -0.7 ± 1.1%, and -1.3 ± 1.1%, mean ± SD, fixed-ratio, gliflo-combo and basal bolus, respectively) or per-protocol analysis (-1.2 ± 1.0%, -1.2 ± 1.1%, and -1.3 ± 1.0%, respectively). The final HbA1c level (per protocol) was 7.2 ± 0.8%, 7.3 ± 0.9%, and 7.5 ± 0.9%, respectively (P = NS). Treatment satisfaction (DTSQ) increased in both exchange groups, whereas the proportion of patients with hypoglycemia was lower.
conclusionSimplification of complex insulin regimen may be a durable option in at least one-half of patients with type 2 diabetes. CLINICAL
trial registrationClinical trial registration no. NCT04196231, clinicaltrials.gov.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.