ArticleBMC public health2023
Global burden of pelvic inflammatory disease and ectopic pregnancy from 1990 to 2019.
Article in BMC public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antibiotic therapy for pelvic inflammatory disease: a network meta-analysis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026Article
- A repeated cross-sectional analysis of routine leucorrhea test results in women from Jianyang City, Western China (2022-2024) and exploration of the significance of health screening.BMC women's health · 2026Article
- Feasibility of direct surgical management for early-stage cervical pregnancy: a multicenter retrospective study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Comparison of Emergency Department Patients with Salpingitis and Oophoritis with and without Documented Social Determinants of Health.The western journal of emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Salpingitis in Non-Sexually Active Girls: Clinical Spectrum and Diagnostic Clues from a Pediatric Cohort.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Global and Regional Impact of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease in Females Across All Age Groups (1990-2021) with Projections to 2046: Findings from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Prevalence, patterns, and associated factors of intraperitoneal adhesions among women undergoing gynaecological laparoscopy at a private endoscopic centre in Southeastern Nigeria.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Article
- Global, Regional, and National Burden of Acute Abdominal Conditions in Females-Appendicitis, Ectopic Pregnancy, Paralytic Ileus and Intestinal Obstruction, and Urolithiasis, 1990-2021: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 with ARIMA Projections to 2030.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Long-Term Dynamics of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Attributable toInternational journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Global, Regional, and National Burden of Female Infertility Attributable to Chlamydia Infections, 1990-2023: An Analysis Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Beyond Inflammation: A Comprehensive Outlook on the Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Treatment of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease.International journal of general medicine · 2026Review
- Ectopic Pregnancy Mortality Trends in BRICS: Age-Period-Cohort Analysis of Global Burden Disease 2021 Data and 2030 Forecast.Clinical epidemiology · 2026Article
- Global, Regional and National Burden of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: Trend Projections and Health Inequality Analysis, 1990-2021.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Global, Regional, and National Impact of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: Changing Landscape from 1990 to 2021.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Current methods and mechanisms for animal models of pelvic inflammatory disease: a review.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Review
- Non-Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI)-Related Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID).Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Article
- Cervicovaginal microbiome composition and absolute quantity are associated with pelvic inflammatory disease.Microbial genomics · 2025Article
- Role of IL-17 cytokines in tubal fibrosis and infertility due to salpingitis.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- Efficacy and security of oral Chinese patent medicine combined with antibiotics in the treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease: a Bayesian network meta-analysis.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a widespread female public problem worldwide. And it could lead to infertility, preterm labor, chronic pelvic pain, and ectopic pregnancy (EP) among reproductive-aged women. This study aimed to assess the global burden and trends as well as the chaning correlation between PID and EP in reproductive-aged women from 1990 to 2019.
methodsThe data of PID and EP among reproductive-aged women (15 to 49 years old) were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019. The disease burden was assessed by calculating the case numbers and age-standardized rates (ASR). The changing trends and correlation were evaluated by calculating the estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) and Pearson's correlation coefficient.
resultsIn 2019, the ASR of PID prevalence was 53.19 per 100,000 population with a decreasing trend from 1990 (EAPC: - 0.50), while the ASR of EP incidence was 342.44 per 100,000 population with a decreasing trend from 1990 (EAPC: - 1.15). Globally, PID and EP burdens changed with a strong positive correlation (Cor = 0.89) globally from 1990 to 2019. In 2019, Western Sub-Saharan Africa, Australasia, and Central Sub-Saharan Africa had the highest ASR of PID prevalence, and Oceania, Eastern Europe, and Southern Latin America had the highest ASR of EP incidence. Only Western Europe saw significant increasing PID trends, while Eastern Europe and Western Europe saw increasing EP trends. The highest correlations between PID and EP burden were observed in Burkina Faso, Laos, and Bhutan. General negative correlations between the socio-demographic index and the ASR of PID prevalence and the ASR of EP incidence were observed at the national levels.
conclusionPID and EP continue to be public health burdens with a strong correlation despite slightly decreasing trends detected in ASRs globally. Effective interventions and strategies should be established according to the local situation by policymakers.
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