Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37781407›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2023

Autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy after viral encephalitis: a case report of bimodal overlapping encephalitis.

Ping Cheng, Wenjuan Huang, Meifang Yang, Zhiren Chen, Yifan Geng, Xia Zhang, Weiwei Chen

Open access · goldAbstract readCase Reports
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
3.7field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.

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  3. EBV-associated autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy with lumbosacral leptomeningeal enhancement: a case report and literature review.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Ping ChengDepartment of Neurology, Graduate School, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China.
Wenjuan HuangDepartment of Neurology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, XuZhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Meifang YangDepartment of Neurology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, XuZhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Zhiren ChenDepartment of Neurology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, XuZhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Yifan GengDepartment of Neurology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, XuZhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Xia ZhangDepartment of Neurology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, XuZhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Weiwei ChenDepartment of Neurology, Graduate School, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China.
Xuzhou Central Hospital · CNBengbu Medical College · CNXuzhou Medical College · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) astrocytopathy is a treatable autoimmune disorder affecting the central nervous system. Despite extensive research, the exact etiology and pathogenesis of this condition remain unclear. In recent years, autoimmune encephalitis (AE) after viral encephalitis (VE) has gathered significant attention. Here, we present a case report of autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy after VE in a 43-year-old Asian male with a history of oral and labial herpes. The patient presented with high-grade fever, headache, urinary retention, unresponsiveness, and apathy. Elevated levels of protein and GFAP-IgG were observed in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and enhanced brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed linear enhancement oriented radially to the ventricles. Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resulted in symptom relief, reduced lesion enhancement, and decreased protein levels. This case report highlights bimodal encephalitis with no discernible interval between VE and autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy, which poses diagnostic challenges. Notably, autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy is a novel form of autoimmune encephalitis, and its treatment lacks sufficient clinical experience. Intriguingly, our patient demonstrated sensitivity to IVIG, a treatment that differed from past reports. Therefore, further exploration of treatment strategies for this condition is warranted.

Indexed as

Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous SystemEncephalitisEncephalitis, ViralAdultGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinHashimoto DiseaseHumansImmunoglobulins, IntravenousMaleGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinImmunoglobulins, Intravenouscase reportencephalitisglial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)herpes simplex viral encephalitis (HSVE)viral encephalitis (VE)

Identifiers

PMID37781407
PMCPMC10535097
OpenAlexW4386697986

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.