Development of a nomogram based on radiomics and semantic features for predicting chromosome 7 gain/chromosome 10 loss in IDH wild-type histologically low-grade gliomas.

Purpose: To predict chromosome 7 gain and chromosome 10 loss (+7/-10) in IDH wild-type (IDH-wt) histologically low-grade gliomas (LGG) by machine learning models based on MRI radiomics and semantic features. Methods: A total of 122 patients diagnosed as IDH-wt histologically LGG were retrospectively included in this study. The patients were randomly divided into a training group and a test group in a ratio of 7:3. The radiomics features were extracted from axial T1WI, T2WI, FLAIR and CET1 sequences, respectively. The distance correlation (DC) and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were used to select the radiomics signatures. Three machine learning algorithms including neural network (NN), support vector machine (SVM), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were used to construct radiomics models. In addition, a nomogram was developed by combining the optimal radiomics signature with clinical risk factors, and the potential clinical utility of the nomogram was evaluated using decision curve analysis. Results: The LDA+DC model was identified as the optimal classifier among the six radiomics models. Necrosis was determined as a risk factor for +7/-10 in IDH-wt histologically LGG. The nomogram achieved the best performance, with an AUC of 0.854 and an accuracy of 0.778 in the independent test group. The decision curve of the nomogram confirmed its clinical usefulness in a wide range of thresholds. Conclusion: The nomogram combining radiomics and semantic features can predict the +7/-10 status effectively, which may contribute to the risk stratification and individualized treatment planning of patients with IDH-wt histologically LGG.