ArticleBMJ neurology open2023
Music medicine to improve the tolerability of onabotulinumtoxinA injections for chronic migraine: an open-label prospective cohort study.
Article in BMJ neurology open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 0 citations in OpenAlex.
- Do White Noise or Music Relieve Pain Caused by Botulinum Toxin Injections?Pain research & management · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: OnabotulinumtoxinA for migraine involves 31 injected repeated every 12 weeks. Tolerability is a significant factor impacting discontinuation. Music medicine has not been studied previously as an intervention to improve the tolerability of injections. Methodology: A single-centre prospective cohort study was undertaken. Following baseline, patients had music played during the procedure. Change in Visual Analogue Score (VAS) was assessed as the primary outcome. Results: Over 6 months, 50 patients were recruited with a median age of 42, and median duration of therapy of 13.5 months. 'Quiet calm classical music' was associated with a significant reduction in VAS (z=-4.7, p<0.001). Duration of therapy, disease state or headache frequency had no correlation with change in VAS. Conclusion: Music medicine is associated with a significant reduction in the procedural pain of onabotulinumtoxinA injections in prospective study. Further study is required to explore other modifiable factors to improve patient experience.
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