ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2023
Two Times Versus Four Times Daily Cephalexin Dosing for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections in Females.
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Definitions and rates of treatment failure in females with uncomplicated urinary tract infection: a systematic literature review.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2026Pooled it
- Cefdinir Versus Cephalexin for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- Comparison of oral third- versus first-/ second-generation cephalosporins for acute uncomplicated cystitis: a nationwide retrospective cohort study.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Article
- Short-course intravenous beta-lactams for uncomplicated cystitis in hospitalized patients.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The current treatment guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Society of America recommend β-lactam antibiotics as alternative rather than first-line agents for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infection (uUTI). Cephalexin is a commonly prescribed first-generation cephalosporin with excellent bioavailability and urinary penetration; however, little data exist to support optimal dosing for uUTI. Methods: This retrospective multicenter cohort study included adult female patients who received 5 to 7 days of cephalexin for symptomatic uUTI with a cefazolin-susceptible urine culture. The primary objective was to compare uUTI treatment failure (eg, continued or recurrent symptoms within 30 days) between patients treated with cephalexin 500 mg twice daily (BID group) and 500 mg 4 times daily (QID group) in the outpatient setting. Secondary outcomes included time to treatment failure, reported adverse events within 7 days of treatment, and occurrence of Results: A total of 261 patients were included (BID, n = 173; QID, n = 88). Baseline characteristics were similar between the groups. Conclusions: Twice-daily cephalexin is as effective as 4-times-daily dosing for uUTI. A twice-daily dosing strategy may improve patient adherence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.