ArticleBMJ open ophthalmology2023
Fungal dysbiosis and decreased tear mucin at the conjunctiva in patients with conjunctival mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.
Article in BMJ open ophthalmology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Overview of Microorganisms: Bacterial Microbiome, Mycobiome, Virome Identified Using Next-Generation Sequencing, and Their Application to Ophthalmic Diseases.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Subepithelial Lesions of the Ocular Surface: A Review.Current ophthalmology reports · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to examine the differences in the fungal microbiome between patients with conjunctival mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) and healthy controls using metagenomic analysis. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This case-control study was conducted at Osaka University Hospital in Osaka, Japan, from April 2015 to March 2022. Twenty-five consecutive patients with conjunctival MALT lymphoma and 25 healthy volunteers were included. Metagenomic analysis using Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS)1 deep sequencing and hierarchical clustering was performed to investigate differences in the fungal microbiome. To assess tear environmental change, we measured tear mucin concentrations using ELISA.
resultsDetailed analyses showed fungal dysbiosis and changes in β-diversity within the conjunctiva of patients with conjunctival MALT lymphoma. Hierarchical clustering revealed that the participants could be divided into three clusters according to the
conclusionThe metagenomic analysis using ITS1 deep sequencing was useful for identifying the differences in commensal fungi between patients with MALT lymphoma and healthy individuals. The increased prevalence of the
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