SynthesisNeurosurgical review2023
Brain retraction injury: systematic literature review.
Synthesis in Neurosurgical review, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tubular retractors in neuro-oncological surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurosurgical review · 2025Pooled it
- Posttraumatic iatrogenic meningoencephalocele following tympanoplasty: illustrative case.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2026Article
- Article
- Exploring video recognition models for force estimation in small bowel surgical retractions.International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery · 2026Article
- Risk assessment of brain retraction injury based on quantitative evaluation of brain retraction distance during skull-base meningioma surgery.Neurosurgical review · 2026Article
- Spatial robustness of P100 latency compared with amplitude: a data-driven rationale for visual pathway monitoring during neuroendovascular procedures.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Virtual reality based quantitative evaluation of the effect of orbitotomy on frontal lobe retraction during tuberculum sellae meningioma surgery.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- An Affordable In-house Tubular Retractor for Evacuation of Intracerebral Hematomas: A Case Series and Literature Review.Journal of neurological surgery reports · 2025Article
- Intraoperative neurovascular considerations for efficient intraventricular meningioma surgery: illustrative case.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2025Article
- Article
- Reinforcement Learning-Based Control for Collaborative Robotic Brain Retraction.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cerebral retraction is frequently required in cranial surgery to access deep areas. Brain retractors have been systematically used in the past, but they have been associated with brain injury. Nonetheless, they are still used and, even recently, new systems have been advocated. The aim of this study is to provide a systematic and critical review of brain retraction injury. A systematic literature review was performed in February 2023 according to PRISMA statement. Search terms included brain retraction and injury, with their variations and pertinent associations. Studies reporting qualitative and quantitative data on brain retraction injury were included. Out of 1689 initially retrieved articles, 90 and 26 were included in the systematic review for qualitative and quantitative data, respectively. The definition of brain retraction injury varies and its reported incidence in clinical studies is 5-10%, up to 47% if cerebral edema is considered. Some studies have hypothesized threshold values of pressures to be respected in order to prevent complications, with most data deriving from animal studies. At present, there are no instruments for brain retraction that can guarantee full safety. Some form of cerebral retraction might always be necessary for specific scenarios. Further studies are needed to collect quantitative and, ideally, clinical and comparative data on pressure thresholds to develop retraction systems that can reduce injury to a minimum.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.