ReviewBrain : a journal of neurology2024
Extracellular vesicles set the stage for brain plasticity and recovery by multimodal signalling.
Review in Brain : a journal of neurology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Roles of Ceramide Glucosyltransferase in Controlling Cerebral Microvascular Endothelial Integrity and Angiogenesis Post-Ischemia/Reperfusion.Translational stroke research · 2026Article
- Human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles improve cognitive function following glioma chemoradiation therapy.Cancer letters · 2026Article
- Article
- Investigating the Effect of Ginger-Derived Nanovesicles on the Growth and Metabolic Activity ofJournal of extracellular biology · 2026Article
- Extracellular Vesicle-Associated IL4 Displays Enhanced Anti-Inflammatory Properties in Microglial Cells.Journal of extracellular biology · 2026Article
- On the molecular basis of enduring memory in neurons, and cell fate in fibroblasts.Nucleic acids research · 2026Review
- Mitochondrial-Immune Dysfunction in MS: Therapeutic Potential of EV-Mediated Transfer.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Lipid Messengers: Mechanisms and Clinical Applications of Exosomal Lipids in Neurodegenerative Diseases.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- RPS3-Enriched Extracellular Vesicles Mediate Liver-Spinal Cord Inter-Organ Communication.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Neurovascular Unit-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Regulators of Post-Stroke Pathology and Neurorestoration.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Surface-Associated Proteins on Extracellular Vesicles Remodel the Tumor Microenvironment by Potentiating TGF-β Signaling in a Contact-Dependent Manner.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Brain and circulating EV proteome signatures in schizophrenia as prognostic markers for age-related dementia.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2026Article
- Mapping the Ischemic Continuum: Dynamic Multi-Omic Biomarker and AI for Personalized Stroke Care.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Exercise-conditioned extracellular vesicles in Alzheimer's disease: a multi-organ signaling network linking peripheral adaptation to brain pathology.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Modulation of cell migration and invasion of thyroid cancer cells using miRNA-enriched extracellular vesicles.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Assessing the Nature of Human Brain-Derived Extracellular Vesicles on Synaptic Activity Via the Development of an Air-liquid Microfluidic Platform.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Harnessing extracellular vesicles for ischemic stroke management.Regenerative biomaterials · 2026Review
- Extracellular RNAs as Messengers and Early Biomarkers in Neurodegeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Extracellular vesicle-based therapies for neurodegenerative diseases.NeuroImmune pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Review
- Noradrenergic Slow Vasomotion: The Hidden Fluid Pump Linking Sleep, Brain Clearance, and Dementia Pathogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are extremely versatile naturally occurring membrane particles that convey complex signals between cells. EVs of different cellular sources are capable of inducing striking therapeutic responses in neurological disease models. Differently from pharmacological compounds that act by modulating defined signalling pathways, EV-based therapeutics possess multiple abilities via a variety of effectors, thus allowing the modulation of complex disease processes that may have very potent effects on brain tissue recovery. When applied in vivo in experimental models of neurological diseases, EV-based therapeutics have revealed remarkable effects on immune responses, cell metabolism and neuronal plasticity. This multimodal modulation of neuroimmune networks by EVs profoundly influences disease processes in a highly synergistic and context-dependent way. Ultimately, the EV-mediated restoration of cellular functions helps to set the stage for neurological recovery. With this review we first outline the current understanding of the mechanisms of action of EVs, describing how EVs released from various cellular sources identify their cellular targets and convey signals to recipient cells. Then, mechanisms of action applicable to key neurological conditions such as stroke, multiple sclerosis and neurodegenerative diseases are presented. Pathways that deserve attention in specific disease contexts are discussed. We subsequently showcase considerations about EV biodistribution and delineate genetic engineering strategies aiming at enhancing brain uptake and signalling. By sketching a broad view of EV-orchestrated brain plasticity and recovery, we finally define possible future clinical EV applications and propose necessary information to be provided ahead of clinical trials. Our goal is to provide a steppingstone that can be used to critically discuss EVs as next generation therapeutics for brain diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.