ArticleAnnals of pediatric cardiology
Intravenous immunoglobulin-resistant Kawasaki disease: Risk factors in children in a middle-income country.
Article in Annals of pediatric cardiology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Electrocardiographic Alterations Combined with Hematological, Biochemical, and Metabolic Profiles Predict Prognosis in Kawasaki Disease.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2026Article
- Early Diagnosis and Cardiac Complications of Kawasaki Disease in a Resource-Limited Regional Hospital.Cureus · 2025Article
- Prediction of Kawasaki disease coronary artery lesions in the Japan Environment and Children's Study.Annals of pediatric cardiologyArticle
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Identifying risk factors in patients with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance Kawasaki disease (KD) is vital in managing and preventing coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs). We aimed to study the risk factors for IVIG resistance KD in Malaysian children. Methods: This retrospective observational study of children with KD was conducted at two tertiary hospitals in Malaysia from January 2014 to December 2019. Multivariable binary logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors associated with IVIG resistance. Results: A total of 174 patients, 118 males (67.8%) with a median age of 1.4-year-old (interquartile range: 0.1-12.1-year-old), were analyzed. Early (<5 days) and late (>10 days) IVIG treatments were observed in 14 (8.1%) and 19 (11.0%), respectively. Thirty-two patients (18.4%) had IVIG resistance. The independent factors associated with IVIG resistance were high white cell count, hypoalbuminemia, and extremities changes with an odd ratio of 4.7, 3.0, and 4.0, respectively. In addition, CAA was significantly higher in IVIG resistance compared to IVIG responder patients (57.5% [19/33] vs. 23.4% [33/141], Conclusion: Leukocytosis, hypoalbuminemia, and extremities changes were independent risk factors for IVIG resistance. The variation in sensitivity and specificity of the Japanese scoring makes it unsuitable for predicting IVIG resistance in Malaysian children.
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