ReviewFrontiers in immunology2023
Modifiable risk factors linked to the development of rheumatoid arthritis: evidence, immunological mechanisms and prevention.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Causal risk and protective factors for rheumatoid arthritis: a comprehensive mendelian randomization systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in genetics · 2026Pooled it
- Risk prediction rules in individuals at risk of rheumatoid arthritis: systematic review and validation using the APIPPRA cohort.EULAR rheumatology open · 2026Article
- Palindromic Rheumatism: Revisiting the Approach to an Enigmatic Condition.International journal of rheumatic diseases · 2026Article
- Association between the visceral adiposity index and rheumatoid arthritis: A cross-sectional study based on the NHANES 2007 to 2016.Medicine · 2026Article
- Association between relative fat mass and rheumatoid arthritis: A cross-sectional study.Medicine · 2026Article
- The Oral-Gut-Immune-Nutrition Axis in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Frontiers in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Emerging Research and Unmet Needs in Pharmacologic Management.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Identification of key factors for early detection of rheumatoid arthritis in primary care using machine learning.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Association of a data-driven nutrient risk score with incident rheumatoid arthritis in UK Biobank adults: a prospective cohort study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Latent profiles of kinesiophobia and associated factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Causal Relationship Between Plasma Protein-to-Protein Ratios and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Proteome-wide Mendelian Randomization Study.Current molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Intake of one-carbon metabolism nutrients and risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective UK biobank cohort study.European journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Association of regional adiposity distribution with risk of autoimmune diseases.Clinical rheumatology · 2025Article
- Global, regional, and national epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis among people aged 20-54 years from 1990 to 2021.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- The combined impact of neutrophil-percentage-to-albumin ratio and depressive symptoms on mortality in US arthritis patients: insights from NHANES (2005-2018).Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Association of visceral fat metabolism score with risk of rheumatoid arthritis in US adults.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Global, regional, and national burden and trends of rheumatoid arthritis among the elderly population: an analysis based on the 2021 Global Burden of Disease study.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Where there's smoke, there's fire: insights from murine models on the effect of cigarette smoke in rheumatoid arthritis development.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- From gut to joint: the protective impact ofFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune disease that targets the synovial joints leading to arthritis. Although the etiology of RA remains largely unknown, it is clear that numerous modifiable risk factors confer increased risk to developing RA. Of these risk factors, cigarette smoking, nutrition, obesity, occupational exposures and periodontal disease all incrementally increase RA risk. However, the precise immunological mechanisms by which these risk factors lead to RA are not well understood. Basic and translational studies have provided key insights into the relationship between inflammation, antibody production and the influence in other key cellular events such as T cell polarization in RA risk. Improving our general understanding of the mechanisms which lead to RA will help identify targets for prevention trials, which are underway in at-risk populations. Herein, we review the modifiable risk factors that are linked to RA development and describe immune mechanisms that may be involved. We highlight the few studies that have sought to understand if modification of these risk factors reduces RA risk. Finally, we speculate that modification of risk factors may be an appealing avenue for prevention for some at-risk individuals, specifically those who prefer lifestyle interventions due to safety and economic reasons.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.