ArticleViruses2023
Seven Epidemic Waves of COVID-19 in a Hospital in Madrid: Analysis of Severity and Associated Factors.
Article in Viruses, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prognostic value of C-reactive protein levels in pulmonary infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Unraveling relevant cross-waves pattern drifts in patient-hospital risk factors among hospitalized COVID-19 patients using explainable machine learning methods.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- The Effect of Naturally Acquired Immunity on Mortality Predictors: A Focus on Individuals with New Coronavirus.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Article
- Health outcomes of COVID-19 in immigrants versus native Spaniards.Journal of migration and health · 2025Article
- Post-COVID syndrome patients show reduced anti-Spike antibodies compared to COVID-recovered controls, but enhanced IgG4/IgG1 switch after the third vaccine dose.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- A national population-based study of mortality and risk factors in COVID-19-hospitalized patients in Spain (2020-2021).Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Differences in the inflammatory response and outcome among hospitalized patients during different waves of the COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Anexelekto (AXL) no more: microRNA-155 (miR-155) controls the "Uncontrolled" in SARS-CoV-2.Human cell · 2024Review
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39 authors.
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Abstract
(1) Background: COVID-19 has evolved during seven epidemic waves in Spain. Our objective was to describe changes in mortality and severity in our hospitalized patients. (2) Method: This study employed a descriptive, retrospective approach for COVID-19 patients admitted to the Hospital de Fuenlabrada (Madrid, Spain) until 31 December 2022. (3) Results: A total of 5510 admissions for COVID-19 were recorded. The first wave accounted for 1823 (33%) admissions and exhibited the highest proportion of severe patients: 65% with bilateral pneumonia and 83% with oxygen saturation under 94% during admission and elevated levels of CRP, IL-6, and D-dimer. In contrast, the seventh wave had the highest median age (79 years) and comorbidity (Charlson: 2.7), while only 3% of patients had bilateral pneumonia and 3% required intubation. The overall mortality rate was 10.3%. The first wave represented 39% of the total. The variables related to mortality were age (OR: 1.08, 1.07-1.09), cancer (OR: 1.99, 1.53-2.60), dementia (OR: 1.82, 1.20-2.75), the Charlson index (1.38, 1.31-1.47), the need for high-flow oxygen (OR: 6.10, 4.94-7.52), mechanical ventilation (OR: 11.554, 6.996-19.080), and CRP (OR: 1.04, 1.03-1.06). (4) Conclusions: The variables associated with mortality included age, comorbidity, respiratory failure, and inflammation. Differences in the baseline characteristics of admitted patients explained the differences in mortality in each wave. Differences observed between patients admitted in the latest wave and the earlier ones suggest that COVID-19 has evolved into a distinct disease, requiring a distinct approach.
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