ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Design of Acoustic Signal for Positioning of Smart Devices.
Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
This paper addresses the limitations of using smartphones in innovative localization systems based on audio signal processing, particularly in the frequency range of 18-22 kHz, due to the lack of technical specifications and noise characterization. We present a comprehensive study on signal design and performance analysis for acoustic communication in air ducts, focusing on signal propagation in indoor environments considering room acoustics and signal behavior. The research aims to determine optimal parameters, including the frequency band, signal types, signal length, pause duration, and sampling frequency, for the efficient transmission and reception of acoustic signals for commercial off-the-shelf (COST) devices. Factors like inter-symbol interference (ISI) and multiple access interference (MAI) that affect signal detection accuracy are considered. The measurements help define the frequency spectrum for common devices like smartphones, speakers, and sound cards. We propose a custom signal with specific properties and reasons for their selection, setting the signal length at 50 ms and a pause time of 5 ms to minimize overlap and interference between consecutive signals. The sampling rate is fixed at 48 kHz to maintain the required resolution for distinguishing individual signals in correlation-based signal processing.
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