ArticlePathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Alteration of the Chicken Upper Respiratory Microbiota, Following H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus Infection.
Article in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring the chicken respiratory microbiome: a comprehensive meta-analysis of factors shaping chicken respiratory microbiota.Scientific reports · 2026Pooled it
- The avian respiratory microenvironment-immune nexus: A three-dimensional regulation model from local homeostasis to systemic defense.Poultry science · 2026Article
- From Gut to Shot: Microbiome-Guided Strategies to Improve Vaccine Responses in Food Animals.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Impact ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Recombinant LAB vector engineered to secrete chicken IFN-λ3 induces an early but sustained activation of antiviral host responses against AIV infection.Poultry science · 2025Article
- Fecal Microbiota Changes in Angus Beef Cows Persistently Infected by Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Review of respiratory syndromes in poultry: pathogens, prevention, and control measures.Veterinary research · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Several studies have highlighted the importance of the gut microbiota in developing immunity against viral infections in chickens. We have previously shown that H9N2 avian influenza A virus (AIV) infection retards the diversity of the natural colon-associated microbiota, which may further influence chicken health following recovery from infection. The effects of influenza infection on the upper respiratory tract (URT) microbiota are largely unknown. Here, we showed that H9N2 AIV infection lowers alpha diversity indices in the acute phase of infection in the URT, largely due to the family Lactobacillaceae being highly enriched during this time in the respiratory microbiota. Interestingly, microbiota diversity did not return to levels similar to control chickens in the recovery phase after viral shedding had ceased. Beta diversity followed a similar trend following the challenge.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.