ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2023
Soft Tissue Manipulation Alters RANTES/CCL5 and IL-4 Cytokine Levels in a Rat Model of Chronic Low Back Pain.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Doxazosin Alleviates Chronic Orofacial Pain.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Integrated Multiomics Analysis Reveals Manual Therapy Restores Autophagic Homeostasis via the AMPK/ULK1 Axis in Chronic Low Back Pain.Pain research & management · 2026Article
- Article
- Review
- Soft tissue manipulation enhances recovery of muscle mass in a disuse model of sarcopenia.Journal of osteopathic medicine · 2025Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is a common musculoskeletal complaint that can impede physical function and mobility. Current management often involves pain medication, but there is a need for non-pharmacological and non-invasive interventions. Soft tissue manipulation (STM), such as massage, has been shown to be effective in human subjects, but the molecular mechanisms underlying these findings are not well understood. In this paper, we evaluated potential changes in the soft tissue levels of more than thirty pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines following instrument-assisted STM (IASTM) in rats with chronic, induced LBP using Complete Freund's Adjuvant. Our results indicate that IASTM is associated with reduced soft tissue levels of Regulated on Activation, Normal T cell Expressed and Secreted (RANTES)/Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) and increased soft tissue levels of Interleukin (IL)-4, which are pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors, respectively, by 120 min post-treatment. IASTM was not associated with tissue-level changes in C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand (CXCL)-5/Lipopolysaccharide-Induced CXC Chemokine (LIX)-which is the murine homologue of IL-8, CXCL-7, Granulocyte-Macrophage-Colony Simulating Factor (GM-CSF), Intercellular Adhesion Molecule (ICAM)-1, IL1-Receptor Antagonist (IL-1ra), IL-6, Interferon-Inducible Protein (IP)-10/CXCL-10, L-selectin, Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α, or Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) at either 30 or 120 min post-treatment. Combined, our findings raise the possibility that IASTM may exert tissue-level effects associated with improved clinical outcomes and potentially beneficial changes in pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines in circulation and at the tissue level.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.