ArticleCancer cell international2023
Suppression of the antitumoral activity of natural killer cells under indirect coculture with cancer-associated fibroblasts in a pancreatic TIME-on-chip model.
Article in Cancer cell international, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of natural killer cell therapy for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis and systematic review.Immunologic research · 2025Pooled it
- Quantifying the Dual Effect of Antitumor and Pro-Tumor Human Neutrophils on Natural Killer Cell Behaviors in a Microphysiological System.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2026Article
- Advances in engineering immune-tumor microenvironments on-a-chip: integrative microfluidic platforms for immunotherapy and drug discovery.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Neural crossroads of pancreatic cancer: how nociceptors drive tumor progression and immune evasion.Cell research · 2025Article
- Single-cell RNA-seq data have prevalent blood contamination but can be rescued by Originator, a computational tool separating single-cell RNA-seq by genetic and contextual information.Genome biology · 2025Article
- Regulation of cancer-associated fibroblasts for enhanced cancer immunotherapy using advanced functional nanomedicines: an updated review.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Molecular mechanism of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: The heterogeneity of cancer-associated fibroblasts and key signaling pathways.World journal of clinical oncology · 2025Review
- Single-cell RNA-Seq data have prevalent blood contamination but can be rescued by Originator, a computational tool separating single-cell RNA-Seq by genetic and contextual information.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Targeting Triple NK Cell Suppression Mechanisms: A Comprehensive Review of Biomarkers in Pancreatic Cancer Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Comparison of the Cytotoxicity, Internalization and Anti-Cancer Drug Delivery Efficacy of Nature Killer Cell Derived Nanovesicles and Extracellular Vesicles.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Article
- Comparison of Gold Nanoparticle and Fluorophore-conjugated Antibodies for Labeling Epitopes in Permeabilized Cells.The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry SocietyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRecently, natural killer (NK) cells emerged as a treatment option for various solid tumors. However, the immunosuppressive tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) can reduce the cytotoxic ability of NK cells in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cancer-associated fibroblasts within the tumor stroma can suppress immune surveillance by dysregulating factors involved in the cellular activity of NK cells. Herein, the effect of activated pancreatic stellate cells (aPSCs) on NK cell-mediated anticancer efficacy under three-dimensional (3D) coculture conditions was investigated.
methods3D cocultures of PANC-1 tumor spheroids (TSs) with aPSCs and NK-92 cells in a collagen matrix were optimized to identify the occurring cellular interactions and differential cytokine profiles in conditioned media using microchannel chips. PANC-1 TSs and aPSCs were indirectly cocultured, whereas NK-92 cells were allowed to infiltrate the TS channel using convective medium flow.
resultsCoculture with aPSCs promoted PANC-1 TSs growth and suppressed the antitumor cytotoxic effects of NK-92 cells. Mutual inhibition of cellular activity without compromising migration ability was observed between aPSCs and NK-92 cells. Moreover, the reduced killing activity of NK-92 cells was found to be related with reduced granzyme B expression in NK cells.
conclusionsHerein, a novel TIME-on-chip model based on the coculture of PANC-1 TSs, aPSCs, and NK-92 cells was described. This model may be useful for studying the detailed mechanisms underlying NK cells dysregulation and for exploring future therapeutic interventions to restore NK cell activity in the tumor microenvironment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.