ArticleThe ocular surface2023
Intrastromal versus subconjunctival injection of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells for promoting corneal repair.
Article in The ocular surface, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Harnessing exosomes in dry eye disease: a triple threat approach.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Pooled it
- A first-in-human, prospective pilot trial of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell eye drops therapy for patients with refractory non-Sjögren's and Sjögren's syndrome dry eye disease.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Trial
- Review
- Delivery of Anti-VEGFA Antibody by Plant-Derived Exosome-like Nanovesicles Alleviates Corneal Angiogenesis and Fibrosis via Topical Ocular Administration.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Preclinical Models of Rare Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases: a Comprehensive Narrative Review.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Review
- CL-EVLPs Promote Corneal Repair in a BAC-Induced Corneal Injury Model via Ocular Microenvironment Reconstruction.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Therapeutic Exosomes CarryingBiomedicines · 2026Article
- In Vivo Evaluation of Injected and Bioprinted Hyaluronic Acid-Based Bioink in Corneal Stromal Pocket.Macromolecular bioscience · 2026Article
- Corneal Nerve Regeneration via MSC-Derived EVs: Tissue Source and Culture Dimensionality Dictate miRNA Cargo and Therapeutic Efficacy.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Oculoplastic Interventions in the Management of Ocular Surface Diseases: A Comprehensive Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Prox1 Protein in Corneal Limbal Lymphatic Vessels Maintains Limbal Stem Cell Stemness and Regulates Corneal Injury Repair.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Biomedical Application of MSCs in Corneal Regeneration and Repair.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Repairing Effect and Mechanism of the 4-Dimensionally Printed Limbal Stem Cell Strategy on Corneal Alkali Burns in Large Animals.Biomaterials research · 2025Article
- Neutrophil pyroptosis regulates corneal wound healing and post-injury neovascularisation.Clinical and translational medicine · 2024Article
- Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of the Therapeutic Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Extracellular Vesicles in Corneal Regeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Cell Type-Specific Extracellular Vesicles and Their Impact on Health and Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeDifferent approaches to delivery of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) for ameliorating corneal injuries have been investigated. This study was aimed to compare the efficacy of intrastromal and subconjunctival injection of human bone marrow-derived MSCs (hBM-MSCs) in a corneal epithelial injury model.
methodsTwenty-four C57BL/6J mice underwent total corneal and limbal epithelial debridement. Then, the mice were divided into three different groups: (1) intrastromal hBM-MSCs injection, (2) subconjunctival hBM-MSCs injection, and (3) injection of frozen medium as a control. Mice were monitored by slit lamp and underwent anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT). Following euthanasia, the corneas were further evaluated by histology and immunostaining.
resultshBM-MSC injection successfully healed epithelial defects regardless of the delivery route (P < 0.001). However, intrastromal injection was superior to subconjunctival injection in reducing defect area (P = 0.001). Intrastromal injection of hBM-MSCs also significantly reduced corneal opacity and neovascularization and improved ASOCT parameters compared to subconjunctival injection or no treatment (P < 0.001, P = 0.003, and P < 0.001, respectively). Although both of the treatment groups were positive for CK12 and had reduced levels of MUC5AC compared to the control, CK12 staining was stronger in the intrastromal group compared to the subconjunctival group. Also, persistency of MSCs was confirmed by in vivo (up to 2 weeks) and in vitro assessments (up to 4 weeks).
conclusionsAlthough the injection of hBM-MSC using both intrastromal and subconjunctival methods improve wound healing and reduce neovascularization and opacity, the intrastromal approach is superior in terms of corneal healing.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.