Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37754415›Full record

ArticleGels (Basel, Switzerland)2023

Surface Functionalization of Sugarcane-Bagasse-Derived Cellulose Nanocrystal for Pickering Emulsion Gel: Microstructural Properties and Stability Efficiency.

Shao Hui Teo, Yern Chee Ching, Mochamad Zakki Fahmi, Hwei Voon Lee

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Gels (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 32% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Shao Hui TeoNanotechnology & Catalysis Research Center (NANOCAT), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
Yern Chee ChingDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
Mochamad Zakki FahmiDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0001-5430-9992
Hwei Voon LeeNanotechnology & Catalysis Research Center (NANOCAT), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-2997-5675
Airlangga University · IDUniversity of Malaya · MY

Funding

Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE), Malaysia-Prototype Development Research Grant Scheme PRGS/1/2020/STG05/UM/02/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

An environmentally friendly Pickering stabilizer was developed by upcycling sugarcane bagasse (SCB) into a cellulose nanocrystal (CNC), which was subjected to surface modification by using quaternary ammonium compound to enhance its amphiphilic characteristics. The changes in microstructural properties of modified cellulose nanocrystal (m-CNC), such as surface functional group, thermal stability, surface morphology, elemental composition, and particle size distribution were investigated. Results indicated the success of quaternary ammonium compound grafting with the presence of a trimethyl-alkyl chain on the cellulose structure, while the m-CNC preserves the needle-like nanoparticles in length of ~534 nm and width of ~20 nm. The colloidal profile of m-CNC-stabilized oil-water emulsion gels with different concentrations of m-CNC (1-5 wt%), and oil:water (O:W) ratios (3:7, 5:5, 7:3) were examined. The emulsion gel stability study indicated that the optimal concentration of m-CNC (3 wt%) was able to stabilize all the emulsion gels at different O:W ratios with an emulsion index of >80% for 3 months. It is the minimum concentration of m-CNC to form a robust colloidal network around the small oil droplets, leading to the formation of stable emulsion gels. The emulsion gel with O:W ratio (3:7) with 3 wt% of m-CNC rendered the best m-CNC-oil-droplets dispersion. The m-CNC effectively retained the size of oil droplets (<10 μm for 3 months storage) against coalescence and creaming by creating a steric barrier between the two immiscible phases. Furthermore, the emulsion gel exhibited the highest viscosity and storage modulus which was able to prevent creaming or sedimentation of the emulsion gels.

Indexed as

biomasscolloidal stabilitydispersion–adsorptionnanocelluloserheology analysisstearyltrimethylammonium chloridesurface modification

Identifiers

PMID37754415
PMCPMC10528861
OpenAlexW4386608360

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.