Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37754385›Full record

ArticleGels (Basel, Switzerland)2023

Carrageenan-Based Crowding and Confinement Combination Approach to Increase Collagen Deposition for In Vitro Tissue Development.

Joseph Krebs, Samuel Stealey, Alyssa Brown, Austin Krohn, Silviya Petrova Zustiak, Natasha Case

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Gels (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 35% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Injectable organic-inorganic hybrid hydrogels for bone defect repair.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025
    Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Joseph KrebsDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63103, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6216-8333
Samuel StealeyDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63103, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6355-4551
Alyssa BrownDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63103, USA.
Austin KrohnDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63103, USA.
Silviya Petrova ZustiakDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63103, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7648-8351
Natasha CaseDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63103, USA.
Saint Louis University · US

Funding

Parks College of Engineering, Saint Louis University N/A
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Connective tissue models grown from cell monolayers can be instrumental in a variety of biomedical fields such as drug screening, wound healing, and regenerative engineering. However, while connective tissues contain abundant fibrillar collagen, achieving a sufficient assembly and retention of fibrillar collagen in vitro is challenging. Unlike the dilute cell culture environment, the body's environment is characterized by a high density of soluble macromolecules (crowding) and macromolecular networks (confinement), which contribute to extracellular matrix (ECM) assembly in vivo. Consequently, macromolecular crowding (MMC) has been successfully used to enhance the processing of type I procollagen, leading to significant increases in fibrillar collagen assembly and accumulation during in vitro culture of a variety of cell types. In this study, we developed a combination approach using a carrageenan hydrogel, which released soluble macromolecules and served as a confinement barrier. We first evaluated the local carrageenan release and then confirmed the effectiveness of this combination approach on collagen accumulation by the human MG-63 bone cell line. Additionally, computational modeling of oxygen and glucose transport within the culture system showed no negative effects of the hydrogel and its releasates on cell viability.

Indexed as

collagenextracellular matrix synthesishydrogelmacromolecular crowding

Identifiers

PMID37754385
PMCPMC10529090
OpenAlexW4386367836

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.