ArticleEpilepsia2023
Interictal epileptiform discharges contribute to word-finding difficulty in epilepsy through multiple cognitive mechanisms.
Article in Epilepsia, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effect of Anti-Seizure Medications on Interictal Epileptiform Discharges in Focal Epilepsy.Clinical EEG and neuroscience · 2026Article
- Mindfulness meditation increases interictal epileptiform discharges in meditation-naïve surgical epilepsy patients.Epilepsia · 2026Article
- Laminar organization of cellular microcircuits modulating human interictal epileptiform discharges.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence for automated detection of interictal epileptiform discharges: methodological progress, clinical evaluation, and neurodevelopmental context.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Distance of bipolar re-referencing imparts nonlinear frequency-specific influences on intracranial recording signal measurements.Journal of neural engineering · 2025Article
- The role of electroencephalography in epilepsy research-From seizures to interictal activity and comorbidities.Epilepsia · 2025Review
- Dissociating physiological ripples and epileptiform discharges with vision transformers.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Neural (re)organisation of language and memory: implications for neuroplasticity and cognition.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2025Article
- Timing is everything: The effect of early-life seizures on developing neuronal circuits subserving spatial memory.Epilepsia open · 2025Review
- The Bidirectional Relationship Between Epilepsy and Alzheimer's Disease.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2025Review
- Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveCognitive impairment often impacts quality of life in epilepsy even if seizures are controlled. Word-finding difficulty is particularly prevalent and often attributed to etiological (static, baseline) circuit alterations. We sought to determine whether interictal discharges convey significant superimposed contributions to word-finding difficulty in patients, and if so, through which cognitive mechanism(s).
methodsTwenty-three patients undergoing intracranial monitoring for drug-resistant epilepsy participated in multiple tasks involving word production (auditory naming, short-term verbal free recall, repetition) to probe word-finding difficulty across different cognitive domains. We compared behavioral performance between trials with versus without interictal discharges across six major brain areas and adjusted for intersubject differences using mixed-effects models. We also evaluated for subjective word-finding difficulties through retrospective chart review.
resultsSubjective word-finding difficulty was reported by the majority (79%) of studied patients preoperatively. During intracranial recordings, interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) in the medial temporal lobe were associated with long-term lexicosemantic memory impairments as indexed by auditory naming (p = .009), in addition to their established impact on short-term verbal memory as indexed by free recall (p = .004). Interictal discharges involving the lateral temporal cortex and lateral frontal cortex were associated with delayed reaction time in the auditory naming task (p = .016 and p = .018), as well as phonological working memory impairments as indexed by repetition reaction time (p = .002). Effects of IEDs across anatomical regions were strongly dependent on their precise timing within the task. SIGNIFICANCE: IEDs appear to act through multiple cognitive mechanisms to form a convergent basis for the debilitating clinical word-finding difficulty reported by patients with epilepsy. This was particularly notable for medial temporal spikes, which are quite common in adult focal epilepsy. In parallel with the treatment of seizures, the modulation of interictal discharges through emerging pharmacological means and neurostimulation approaches may be an opportunity to help address devastating memory and language impairments in epilepsy.
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