ArticleJournal of orthopaedic surgery and research2023
Virtual embodiment for improving range of motion in patients with movement-related shoulder pain: an experimental study.
Article in Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Virtual Reality Based Exercise Training Versus Mulligan Mobilization on Shoulder Posture and Function in Subacromial Impingement Syndrome
Virtual Reality Intervention in Patients With Persistent Shoulder Pain
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Technological Features of Immersive Virtual Reality Systems for Upper Limb Stroke Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Pooled it
- Decreased kinesiophobia with virtual embodiment for post-surgical knee rehabilitation: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Virtual reality in shoulder rehabilitation and shoulder arthroplasty pathways: a narrative review of current evidence and clinical perspectives.Rheumatology international · 2026Review
- Digital and virtual reality-based rehabilitation versus conventional therapy for rotator cuff tears and post-repair recovery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.JSES reviews, reports, and techniques · 2026Review
- XR body illusion for managing pain in fibromyalgia: examining optimal duration.Virtual reality · 2026Article
- Article
- Virtual Reality for Patients With Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain and Disability: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews.Health science reports · 2025Review
- Integrating artificial intelligence into orthopedics: Opportunities, challenges, and future directions.Journal of hand and microsurgery · 2025Review
- Virtual reality-enhanced rehabilitation for improving musculoskeletal function and recovery after trauma.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Review
- Editorial: Impact of virtual reality on sensory neuroscience: delving into body ownership and agency.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Article
- Usability and expert validation of a virtual reality system for post-mastectomy rehabilitation.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2025Article
- Virtual embodiment training is associated with relative alpha power modulation.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Article
- Clinical Applications of Virtual Reality in Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Experiences of physiotherapists considering virtual reality for shoulder rehabilitation: A focus group study.Digital healthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRecent evidence supports the use of immersive virtual reality (VR) as a means of delivering bodily illusions that may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of musculoskeletal conditions. We wanted to investigate whether a single session of an embodiment-based immersive VR training program influences pain-free range of motion in patients with shoulder pain.
methodsWe designed a rehabilitation program based on developing ownership over a virtual body and then "exercising" the upper limb in immersive VR, while the real arm remains static. We then carried out a single-arm pre-post experiment in which 21 patients with movement-related musculoskeletal shoulder pain were exposed to the 15-min VR program and measured their active pain-free range of motion immediately before and afterwards.
resultsWe found that shoulder abduction and hand-behind-back movements, but not shoulder flexion, were significantly and clinically improved post-intervention and that the level of improvement correlated with the level of embodiment. Following this one session, at 1-week follow-up the improvements were not maintained.
conclusionsVirtual embodiment may be a useful therapeutic tool to help improve range of motion in patients with movement-related shoulder pain in the short term, which in turn could expedite rehabilitation and recovery in these conditions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.