Observational studyJournal of endocrinological investigation2024
Evaluation of a large set of patients with Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome from a single reference centre in context of different classifications.
Observational study in Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- [Association of vitiligo with endocrine autoimmune diseases: literature review].Problemy endokrinologii · 2026Review
- Different clinical autoimmune polyglandular syndrome phenotypes among patients with thyroid diseases.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- Genetic syndromes in paediatric alopecia areata: a systematic review.Skin health and disease · 2025Review
- Clinical Phenotype of Graves Disease in Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome or as Isolated Disease: The GRAPHE Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Observational
- Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome Type 3 and Overlapping Autoimmune Endocrinopathies: A Case Report.Cureus · 2025Article
- Case Report: Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 4 involving diabetes mellitus type 1, autoimmune hepatitis, immune thrombocytopenia, and celiac disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome Type 2 Presentation with Alopecia Universalis, Hashimoto's Disease, and Addison's Disease.International medical case reports journal · 2025Article
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31 authors.
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Abstract
purposeTo characterize patients with APS and to propose a new approach for their follow-up. Query ID="Q1" Text="Please check the given names and familynames."
methodsMonocentric observational retrospective study enrolling patients referred to the Outpatients clinic of the Units of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Gastroenterology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology of our Hospital for Autoimmune diseases.
resultsAmong 9852 patients, 1174 (11.9%) [869 (73.9%) female] were diagnosed with APS. In 254 subjects, the diagnosis was made at first clinical evaluation (Group 1), all the other patients were diagnosed with a mean latency of 11.3 ± 10.6 years (Group 2). Group 1 and 2 were comparable for age at diagnosis (35.7 ± 16.3 vs. 40.4 ± 16.6 yrs, p = .698), but different in male/female ratio (81/173 vs 226/696, p = .019). In Group 2, 50% of patients developed the syndrome within 8 years of follow-up. A significant difference was found after subdividing the first clinical manifestation into the different outpatient clinic to which they referred (8.7 ± 8.0 vs. 13.4 ± 11.6 vs. 19.8 ± 8.7 vs. 7.4 ± 8.1 for endocrine, diabetic, rheumatologic, and gastroenterological diseases, respectively, p < .001).
conclusionsWe described a large series of patients affected by APS according to splitters and lumpers. We propose a flowchart tailored for each specialist outpatient clinic taking care of the patients. Finally, we recommend regular reproductive system assessment due to the non-negligible risk of developing premature ovarian failure.
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