ArticleJournal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society2023
Drug-drug conjugates self-assembled nanomedicines triggered photo-/immuno- therapy for synergistic cancer treatments.
Article in Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Smart Immunomodulating Nanocomposites Enabling on-Demand Solid Tumor Treatment With Quasi-Real-Time Response Monitoring.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- STING Agonist-Modified Tumor Targeting Photosensitizer Remodels Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts to Potentiate Photoimmunotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Advancing Photodynamic Cancer Therapy with Smart Light-Responsive Lipid and Polymeric Nanocarriers: Evidence from a Meta-Analysis of Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Recent Advances in Nanoparticle-Mediated Antibacterial Photodynamic Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Enhancing Cancer Therapy with TLR7/8 Agonists: Applications in Vaccines and Combination Treatments.Cancers · 2025Review
- Harnessing nanoprodrugs to enhance cancer immunotherapy: overcoming barriers to precision treatment.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Synthesis of an amphiphilic bi-prodrug based on gossypol and cytarabine for drug self-delivery.RSC advances · 2025Article
- Hypoxia-responsive core-cross-linked supramolecular nanoprodrug based on dendritic drug-drug conjugates for synergetic anticancer therapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Nano drug delivery systems for advanced immune checkpoint blockade therapy.Theranostics · 2025Review
- Drug-phospholipid conjugate nano-assembly for drug delivery.Smart medicine · 2024Review
- Targeted Drug Delivery Strategies for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Targeted Drug Delivery by MMAE Farnesyl-Bioconjugated Multivalent Chemically Self-Assembled Nanorings Induces Potent Receptor-Dependent Immunogenic Cell Death.Bioconjugate chemistry · 2024Article
- Nanotherapeutics for Macrophage Network Modulation in Tumor Microenvironments: Targets and Tools.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Although immunotherapies have made progress in cancer treatment, their clinical response rates vary widely and are typically low due to sparse immune cell infiltration (immune "cold") and suppressive tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). A simple yet effective approach that integrates a variety of immune-stimulating and TIME-modulating functions could potentially address this clinical challenge. Herein, we conjugate two small molecules, including a photosensitizer (pyropheophorbide-a, PA) and a Toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist (resiquimod, R848), into prodrug (PA-R848) that self-assembles into PA-R848 esterase responsive nanoparticles (PARE NPs) with 100% drug composition and synergistic photo-/immune- therapeutic effects. In PARE NPs, PA exhibits strong phototherapeutic effects which ablate the primary tumor directly and elicits immunogenic cell death (ICD) to promote the immune response. R848 effectively polarizes the M2-type tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) to M1-type TAM, consequently reversing the "cold" and suppressive TIME when working together with phototherapy. The PARE NPs can efficiently pare down the tumor development by two synergisms, including i) synergistic immunotherapy between ICD and TAM polarization; ii) and the antitumor effects between phototherapy and immunotherapy. On a head-neck squamous cell carcinoma mouse model, PARE NPs combined with PD-1 antibody eliminate primary tumors, and significantly inhibit the progress of distant tumors thanks to the robust antitumor immunity enhanced by the PARE NPs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.