ArticleCureus2023
The Prevalence and Utilization of Prehospital IV Access in Critically Ill Patients in the Emergency Department.
Article in Cureus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Qualitative evaluation of ambulance paramedic staff's medication practices and awareness in cardiovascular emergency care.BMC emergency medicine · 2026Article
- A comparison of the outcomes of emergency medical service-witnessed cardiac arrest between intravenous access before and after cardiac arrest.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDespite the pivotality of emergency medical services (EMS) in prehospital care for patient stabilization, prehospital intravenous (IV) access, a standard practice, remains an ambiguity in Saudi Arabia in terms of its prevalence of placement, justification, and utilization.
objectivesIn this study, we aim to estimate the prevalence and utilization rate of prehospital IV access placement in patients transported to King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH) Emergency Medicine Department in Riyadh by EMS and determine the relationship between the prevalence and utilization rate of prehospital IV access in Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale (CTAS) levels 1 and 2 in trauma and non-trauma patients.
methodsThis observational cross-sectional study was conducted over six months. A total of 181 cases of CTAS levels 1 and 2 adult patients were included. Data were collected by trained nurses using convenient sampling through an author-developed questionnaire.
resultsThe prevalence of prehospital IV line placement was 28.7%, with a utilization rate of 50%, and was notably higher among CTAS level 1 cases (69.2%). Additionally, trauma cases had a higher prevalence of prehospital IV access (53.5%) compared to medical cases (odds ratio (OR): 4.73, 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.73, 4.73, p<0.05). Among patients with prehospital IV lines, the majority (92.3%) were patent and functional. Upon arrival, 73.1% of patients had their prehospital IV line replaced, with hospital protocol being the most common reason for the replacement (73.7%).
conclusionA minority of the patients had prehospital vascular access, and of those, half remained unused. Trauma cases and CTAS level 1 patients had a higher prevalence and utilization of prehospital IV access. Furthermore, trauma cases were more associated with prehospital IV access establishment and utilization.
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