Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37749390›Full record

ArticleEndocrine2024

Mixed hypogonadism: a neglected combined form of hypogonadism.

Rui Zhang, Bingqing Yu, Xi Wang, Min Nie, Wanlu Ma, Wen Ji, Qibin Huang, Yiyi Zhu, Bang Sun, Junyi Zhang and 4 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Endocrine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Rui Zhang *Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China.
Bingqing Yu *Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China.
Xi WangDepartment of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China.
Min NieDepartment of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China.
Wanlu MaDepartment of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China.
Wen JiDepartment of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China.
Qibin HuangDepartment of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China.
Yiyi ZhuDepartment of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China.
Bang SunDepartment of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China.
Junyi ZhangDepartment of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China.
Wei ZhangDepartment of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China.
Hongying LiuDepartment of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China.
Jiangfeng MaoDepartment of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China. maojiangfeng88@sina.com.ORCID 0000-0003-0157-1545
Xueyan WuDepartment of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 100730, Beijing, China. wuxueyan@pumch.ac.cn.ORCID 0000-0003-2540-8590

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 81771576Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality 7202151Peking Union Medical College Hospital pumch201911009
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeKallmann syndrome is a rare disease characterized by delayed puberty, infertility and anosmia. We report the clinical and genetic characteristics of three patients with Kallmann syndrome who presented with Klinefelter syndrome and defined this neglected combined form of hypogonadism as mixed hypogonadism.

methodsClinical data and examinations were obtained, including laboratory examination and magnetic resonance imagination (MRI) of the olfactory structures. Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) related genes were screened by next generation sequencing (NGS).

resultsThree patients with Kallmann syndrome were included. They had co-existence with Klinefelter syndrome and showed hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Patient 1 was complicated with germinoma.

conclusionMixed hypogonadism was defined as hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in Klinefelter syndrome or primary testicular disease. Clinicians should be alert to mixed hypogonadism when spermatogenesis induction failed in patients with CHH or gonadotropin levels decrease in patients with Klinefelter syndrome.

Indexed as

HypogonadismInfertilityKallmann SyndromeKlinefelter SyndromeHumansMaleTestisCongenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadismGerminomaHypergonadotropic hypogonadismKallmann syndromeKlinefelter syndromeMixed hypogonadism

Identifiers

PMID37749390

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.