Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37747539›Full record

ReviewGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2024

Behind the mask: a critical perspective on the ethical, moral, and legal implications of AI in ophthalmology.

Daniele Veritti, Leopoldo Rubinato, Valentina Sarao, Axel De Nardin, Gian Luca Foresti, Paolo Lanzetta

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Current Trends in AI and Eye Disease Diagnostics.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Artificial intelligence applications in inherited retinal dystrophies.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Daniele VerittiDepartment of Medicine - Ophthalmology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy. daniele.veritti@uniud.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0148-5348
Leopoldo RubinatoDepartment of Medicine - Ophthalmology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
Valentina SaraoDepartment of Medicine - Ophthalmology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
Axel De NardinDepartment of Mathematics, Informatics and Physics, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
Gian Luca ForestiDepartment of Mathematics, Informatics and Physics, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
Paolo LanzettaDepartment of Medicine - Ophthalmology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
University of Udine · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis narrative review aims to provide an overview of the dangers, controversial aspects, and implications of artificial intelligence (AI) use in ophthalmology and other medical-related fields.

methodsWe conducted a decade-long comprehensive search (January 2013-May 2023) of both academic and grey literature, focusing on the application of AI in ophthalmology and healthcare. This search included key web-based academic databases, non-traditional sources, and targeted searches of specific organizations and institutions. We reviewed and selected documents for relevance to AI, healthcare, ethics, and guidelines, aiming for a critical analysis of ethical, moral, and legal implications of AI in healthcare.

resultsSix main issues were identified, analyzed, and discussed. These include bias and clinical safety, cybersecurity, health data and AI algorithm ownership, the "black-box" problem, medical liability, and the risk of widening inequality in healthcare.

conclusionSolutions to address these issues include collecting high-quality data of the target population, incorporating stronger security measures, using explainable AI algorithms and ensemble methods, and making AI-based solutions accessible to everyone. With careful oversight and regulation, AI-based systems can be used to supplement physician decision-making and improve patient care and outcomes.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceOphthalmologyAlgorithmsDatabases, FactualHumansMoralsArtificial intelligenceBiasBlack-boxCybersecurityData ownershipDeep learningDistributional shiftEthicsLiabilityMachine learningMedical liabilityOphthalmology

Identifiers

PMID37747539
PMCPMC10907411
OpenAlexW4387002648

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.