ReviewCureus2023
Retained Intrauterine Fetal Bone Fragments Causing Secondary Infertility: A Review.
Review in Cureus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Retained fetal bones after second-trimester dilation and curettage (D&C): report of two cases and review of literature.International journal of surgery case reports · 2026Article
- Unexpected discovery of fetal bones instead of an intrauterine device: A unique gynecological case report.SAGE open medical case reports · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Retained intrauterine fetal bone fragments are emerging as a potential yet often overlooked cause of secondary infertility, posing significant challenges for couples who have previously experienced successful pregnancies. This review article explores the association between retained fetal bone fragments and secondary infertility by delving into their impact on fertility, pregnancy outcomes, and diagnostic challenges. The review highlights the underlying mechanisms of fragment retention, including immune response and inflammation, and their detrimental effects on endometrial receptivity and implantation. The diagnostic difficulties and importance of specialized imaging techniques like hysteroscopy for accurate diagnosis are also discussed. The article also provides insights into available treatment options, such as medical management and surgical interventions, focusing on hysteroscopy as the gold standard for diagnosis and treatment. The implications for clinical practice emphasize early diagnosis and intervention to improve fertility outcomes and reduce the emotional burden of secondary infertility. Furthermore, the review discusses preventive strategies and the potential for future research to refine diagnostic methods and explore novel treatments. By recognizing and addressing the impact of retained fetal bone fragments, this review aims to enhance the understanding and management of this condition, providing valuable support to couples seeking to overcome the challenges of secondary infertility on their journey toward parenthood.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.